Autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Abstract

Objective This study aims to evaluate the association between autoimmune thyroiditis and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL). Methods Hundred and five patients with SSNHL were enrolled. Audiometric tests, serum thyroid autoantibodies (TPOAb, TgAb) were studied. Based on the thyroid autoantibody results, patients were divided into two groups: thyroid autoantibody‐positive and negative. The relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and audiological characteristics was analyzed. Results Twenty‐six patients (24.8%) of the SSNHL had thyroid autoantibody elevated. The pure tone average (PTA) of patients with and without thyroid autoantibody is 60 ± 38.51 and 54.99 ± 33.87 dBHL, respectively. The PTA was significantly improved in both groups after treatment (p < 0.001), but the hearing gains were similar in both groups (p = 0.205). Hearing loss of 2000–8000 Hz was worse than 125–1000 Hz among thyroid autoantibody‐positive patients (p < 0.05), but the hearing improvement of both groups have no significant difference. The hearing improvement of 125–1000 Hz is significantly better than 2000–8000 Hz among patients with thyroid autoantibody negative (p < 0.05). Conclusions We speculate that a potential association between thyroid autoimmunity and SSNHL. Thyroid autoimmunity may be a pathogenesis factor of SSNHL and associated with more severe hearing loss of high‐frequency hearing.

Therapeutic efficacy of methylprednisolone sodium succinate via diverse administration routes for mid- to high-frequency sudden sensorineural hearing loss

“…For patients with SSNHL with a decline in middle to high frequencies, the pathogenesis is typically associated with damage to outer or inner hair cells. The distribution of ion channels on the basilar membrane of the cochlea differs in these patients, with more basal turn ion channels than apical turn ones, and may even be accompanied with localised vascular supply disturbances in the spiral ligament and hypoxia-induced damage to the spiral organ[ 11 ]. From this perspective, clinical recommendations suggest the use of glucocorticoids for treatment because they possess multiple effects, such as anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and antiallergic actions.…”

Characteristics and prognostic analysis of simultaneous bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss

“…Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia are risk factors for SSNHL's poor prognosis (10,12), and abnormal thyroid function has been correlated with the development of SSNHL (13). Meanwhile, the onset of hypertension and diabetes is closely associated with age, and blood indices such as bilirubin and 15).…”

Vulnerable frequency as an independent prognostic factor for sudden sensorineural hearing loss

“…After adjusting for possible influencing factors such as age, concomitant symptoms, cardiovascular inflammatory markers, and audiograms, we found that hearing at 8,000 Hz mainly affects the prognosis of SSNHL. Several studies have shown that when vascular, endocrine and immune dysfunction accompany hearing loss, high-frequency hearing impairment first appears, of which 8,000 is common (40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45). In a per-frequency predictive model, highfrequency hearing loss in SSNHL patients was more difficult to recover than other frequencies, and this correlation was more pronounced at 8,000 Hz (46).…”