Authentication of forage-based milk by mid-level data fusion of (+/−) DART-HRMS signatures

Riuzzi, Giorgia; Tata, Alessandra; Massaro, Andrea; Bisutti, Vittoria; Lanza, Ilaria; Contiero, Barbara; Bragolusi, Marco; Miano, Brunella; Negro, Alessandro; Gottardo, Flaviana; Piro, Roberto; Segato, Severino

doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104859

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A similar metabolic process may occur in MCS cows as they too had lower values of both CP and casein compared to the maize silage-fed cows (HMS and MMS), although it may be also related to the higher FPCM milk yield for this group. As reported by Riuzzi, et al 25 , a lower lactose content was found in milk from GRG cows probably because of both their lowest recorded intake and the lower level of energetic concentrates, potentially leading to less ruminal propionate synthesis compared with other groups. Since proprionate is the main precursor of gluconeogenesis in ruminants, this can lead to a decrease in glucose and hence lactose 34 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The use of supervised multivariate models could allow achieving a comprehensive answer on the impact of forages on the metabolic pathways involved from rumen to mammary gland and responsible for the FA release in milk 23,24 . Furthermore, a chemometric approach based on a pattern recognition supervised modelling can determine the functional relationship between the analytes (i.e., FA) and the predictor classes (i.e., forage groups) highlighting a pool of useful features as biomarkers able to discriminate among the classes 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multivariate Modelling of Milk Fatty Acid Profile to Discriminate the Forages in Dairy Cows' Ration

Riuzzi

Davis

Lanza

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Although there are many studies on the importance of fatty acids (FA) in our diet and on the influence of cows’ diet on FA metabolism, only a few investigate their predictive capacity to discriminate the type, amount and conservation method of the dietary forages. This research quantitatifies differences in FA concentrations and, using a supervised factorial discriminant analysis (FDA), assesses which could be biomarkers when replacing maize silage with other silages, grass/lucerne hays or fresh grass. The statistical modelling identified three main clusters in milk FA profiles associated with silages, hays and fresh grass as dominant roughages. The main implication of a dairy cow feeding system based on poliphytic forages from permanent meadows is to enhance milk’s nutritional value thanks to an increase in beneficial FA belonging to omenga-3 polyunsaturated FA, conjugated linoleic acids and odd chain FA, compared to the use of maize silage from arable land. The study also identified a small but powerful and reliable pool of FA that can act as biomarkers to authenticate feeding systems: C16:1, C17:0, C18:0, C18:3n-3, C18:1 c-9, C18:1 t-11, C20:0.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Modelling of Milk Fatty Acid Profile to Discriminate the Forages in Dairy Cows' Ration

Riuzzi

Davis

Lanza

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Using Rstudio 3.6.1 software, the first five PLS-DA score components of each dataset were fused (concatenated) and submitted to a new PLS-DA with the aim at discriminating the three groups of samples ( 30 ). Evaluating the R 2 , Q 2 , and accuracy of each separate PLS-DA, (–)DART-HRMS spectra of polar extraction were excluded because they provided poor information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field of metabolomics, direct analysis in real time coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS) is considered an innovative, ambient mass spectrometric approach, successfully applied in clinical screening, microbiology, food safety, and toxicology (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). DART-HRMS requires minimal sample preparation and it has already demonstrated its accuracy, intra-sample repeatability and rapidity, with the aim of reducing the burden of chemical laboratories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Metabolomic Profiles of Paratuberculosis Infected and Infectious Dairy Cattle by Ambient Mass Spectrometry

et al. 2021

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis [Johne's disease (JD)], a chronic disease that causes substantial economic losses in the dairy cattle industry. The long incubation period means clinical signs are visible in animals only after years, and some cases remain undetected because of the subclinical manifestation of the disease. Considering the complexity of JD pathogenesis, animals can be classified as infected, infectious, or affected. The major limitation of currently available diagnostic tests is their failure in detecting infected non-infectious animals. The present study aimed to identify metabolic markers associated with infected and infectious stages of JD. Direct analysis in real time coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS) was, hence, applied in a prospective study where cohorts of heifers and cows were followed up annually for 2–4 years. The animals' infectious status was assigned based on a positive result of both serum ELISA and fecal PCR, or culture. The same animals were retrospectively assigned to the status of infected at the previous sampling for which all JD tests were negative. Stored sera from 10 infected animals and 17 infectious animals were compared with sera from 20 negative animals from the same herds. Two extraction protocols and two (-/+) ionization modes were tested. The three most informative datasets out of the four were merged by a mid-level data fusion approach and submitted to partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Compared to the MAP negative subjects, metabolomic analysis revealed the m/z signals of isobutyrate, dimethylethanolamine, palmitic acid, and rhamnitol were more intense in infected animals. Both infected and infectious animals showed higher relative intensities of tryptamine and creatine/creatinine as well as lower relative abundances of urea, glutamic acid and/or pyroglutamic acid. These metabolic differences could indicate altered fat metabolism and reduced energy intake in both infected and infectious cattle. In conclusion, DART-HRMS coupled to a mid-level data fusion approach allowed the molecular features that identified preclinical stages of JD to be teased out.

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“…By using NIR, Raman, and AMS, our group has developed a significant number of non-targeted methods able to address important questions in the field of food authenticity such as the geographical origin of extra virgin olive oil, 7 the farming systems in milk production, 7 the type of fish storage used, 6 and the adulteration of spices 5 (Figure 3).…”

Section: Our Achievementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of vibrational spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and chemometrics in an innovative food chemistry laboratory of the Italian health authority and research organization for animal health and food safety: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe)

et al. 2022

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Authentication of forage-based milk by mid-level data fusion of (+/−) DART-HRMS signatures

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

Multivariate Modelling of Milk Fatty Acid Profile to Discriminate the Forages in Dairy Cows' Ration

Multivariate Modelling of Milk Fatty Acid Profile to Discriminate the Forages in Dairy Cows' Ration

Serum Metabolomic Profiles of Paratuberculosis Infected and Infectious Dairy Cattle by Ambient Mass Spectrometry

Combination of vibrational spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and chemometrics in an innovative food chemistry laboratory of the Italian health authority and research organization for animal health and food safety: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe)

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