Attitudes of Chinese and American Male Students towards Mental Illness

Shokoohi–Yekta, Mohsen; Retish, Paul

doi:10.1177/002076409103700306

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Supporting past work comparing mental illness stigma among Chinese vs. Western groups (Shokoohi-Yekta & Retish, 1991; Furnham & Wong, 2007), Study 1 indicated increased levels of stigma (i.e., social restriction and intimate social distance) and perception of threat (i.e., symbolic, tangible, and threat of genetic contamination) among Chinese groups. Our results extend prior studies showing independent pathways for symbolic and tangible threats in predicting stigma by identifying and examining the effects of a ‘culture-specific’ source of threat (Crandall & Moriarty, 2011; Corrigan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Per prior studies (Shookohi-Yekta & Retish, 1991; Furnham & Wong, 2007), Chinese-Americans evidenced more socially restrictive attitudes. Further, there was partial support for hypothesized differences in intimate social distance as Chinese–Americans endorsed more intimate social distance towards the sibling of a person with mental illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Culture, threat, and mental illness stigma: Identifying culture-specific threat among Chinese-American groups

Yang

Purdie-Vaughns

Kotabe

et al. 2013

Social Science & Medicine

143

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We incorporate anthropological insights into a stigma framework to elucidate the role of culture in threat perception and stigma among Chinese groups. Prior work suggests that genetic contamination that jeopardizes the extension of one’s family lineage may comprise a culture-specific threat among Chinese groups. In Study 1, a national survey conducted from 2002–2003 assessed cultural differences in mental illness stigma and perceptions of threat in 56 Chinese-Americans and 589 European-Americans. Study 2 sought to empirically test this culture-specific threat of genetic contamination to lineage via a memory paradigm. Conducted from June to August 2010, 48 Chinese-American and 37 European-American university students in New York City read vignettes containing content referring to lineage or non-lineage concerns. Half the participants in each ethnic group were assigned to a condition in which the illness was likely to be inherited (genetic condition) and the rest read that the illness was unlikely to be inherited (non-genetic condition). Findings from Study 1 and 2 were convergent. In Study 1, culture-specific threat to lineage predicted cultural variation in stigma independently and after accounting for other forms of threat. In Study 2, Chinese-Americans in the genetic condition were more likely to accurately recall and recognize lineage content than the Chinese-Americans in the non-genetic condition, but that memorial pattern was not found for non-lineage content. The identification of this culture-specific threat among Chinese groups has direct implications for culturally-tailored anti-stigma interventions. Further, this framework might be implemented across other conditions and cultural groups to reduce stigma across cultures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Culture, threat, and mental illness stigma: Identifying culture-specific threat among Chinese-American groups

Yang

Purdie-Vaughns

Kotabe

et al. 2013

Social Science & Medicine

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Generally, public attitude toward mental illness may be mediated by various factors consisted of demographic variables, socio-cultural factors, familiarity with mental illness, and sources of publicity [1, 2, 10-13]. Specifically, several factors may influence medical students’ attitude toward mental illness such as teaching methods, educational atmosphere, medical training environment, role models, and direct patient care, as well [13-21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Mental Illness is Perceived by Iranian Medical Students: A Preliminary Study

Amini¹,

Majdzadeh²,

Eftekhar-Ardebili³

et al. 2013

CPEMH

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The study aimed to assess medical students' attitudes toward mental illness following a 4-week psychiatry clerkship. All fifth-year medical students from three academic centers in Tehran were asked to participate in the study. They completed the questionnaire on the last day of their 4-week psychiatry clerkship. A self-administered questionnaire was used to examine participants' Attitudes Toward Mental Illness (ATMI). One hundred and sixty eight students completed the questionnaires (88.9% response rate). In general, the students had favorable attitudes toward mental illness at the end of their clerkship, with mean (± SD) ATMI total score of 78.6 (± 8.1) (neutral score, 66.0). The students showed the most favorable opinion (95.2%) about Category 5 (stereotypic attitude toward people with mental illness) whilst they revealed the least favorable opinion (64.3%) regarding Category 1 (social relations with people affected by mental illness). In addition, the students thought that movies were on the top of influential media on shaping the attitudes toward mental illness. Overall, most of Iranian medical students had generally favorable attitudes toward people with mental illness at the end of their clerkship. Therefore, it may be expected next generation of medical doctors show more favorable attitude toward mental illness.

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“…Comparative studies have indicated that respondents from Chinese groups endorse significantly greater negative stereotypes (e.g., unpredictability [6]) and pejorative attitudes (e.g., greater authoritarianism and social restrictiveness [7]) towards people with mental illness when compared with their Western counterparts [8–10]. Such negative attitudes give rise to discrimination that is commonly experienced by people with schizophrenia in China when their illness status is revealed [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of labeling and interpersonal contact upon attitudes towards schizophrenia: implications for reducing mental illness stigma in urban China

Yang

Wonpat-Borja

et al. 2011

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose As mental illness stigma contributes to poor outcomes for schizophrenia in China, locating strategies to reduce public stigma is imperative. It is currently unknown whether diagnostic labeling and contact with different help-seeking sources increase or decrease public stigma in China. Further, it remains unresolved whether prior personal contact acts to reduce stigma in this context. Advancing understanding of these processes may facilitate stigma-reduction strategies. Methods We administered an experimental vignette randomly assigning one of four labeling conditions to respondents to assess social distance towards a psychotic vignette individual in a sample of 160 Northern, urban Chinese community respondents. Results As expected, respondents given a “non-psychiatric, indigenous label” + “lay help-seeking” condition endorsed the least social distance. Unexpectedly, the labeling condition with a “psychiatric diagnostic label” + “lay help-seeking” condition elicited the greatest social distance. Unlike Western studies, personal contact did not independently decrease community stigma. However, prior contact reduced social distance to a greater extent in the labeling condition with a “non-psychiatric, indigenous label” + “lay help-seeking” condition when compared with all other labeling conditions. Conclusion The results indicate that cultural idioms do provide some protection from stigma, but only among respondents who are already familiar with what mental illness is. Our finding that the condition that depicted untreated psychosis elicited the greatest amount of stigma, while the “treated psychosis” condition was viewed relatively benignly in China, suggests that improved access to mental health services in urban China has the potential to decrease public stigma via labeling mechanisms.

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Attitudes of Chinese and American Male Students towards Mental Illness

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Culture, threat, and mental illness stigma: Identifying culture-specific threat among Chinese-American groups

Culture, threat, and mental illness stigma: Identifying culture-specific threat among Chinese-American groups

How Mental Illness is Perceived by Iranian Medical Students: A Preliminary Study

Effects of labeling and interpersonal contact upon attitudes towards schizophrenia: implications for reducing mental illness stigma in urban China

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