Attention Deficit- Hyperactivity Disorder and Asymmetry of the Caudate Nucleus

Hynd, George W.; Hern, Kelly L.; Novey, Edward S.; Eliopulos, Deborah; Marshall, Richard M.; González, José Javier Elizalde; Voeller, Kytja K. S.

doi:10.1177/088307389300800409

Cited by 348 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

156

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Other brain nuclei including the basal ganglia were also found to be altered. For example, two studies described a reduced volume of the left caudate nucleus in children with ADHD (Filipek et al 1997;Hynd et al 1993). Two further studies found a reduced volume of the globus pallidus in children with ADHD compared to normal controls (Aylward et al 1996;Castellanos et al 1996b).…”

Section: Functional and Structural Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a critical review

Sontag

Tucha

Walitza

et al. 2010

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) involves clinically heterogeneous problems including attention deficits, behavioural hyperactivity and impulsivity. Several animal models of ADHD have been proposed, ranging from models with neurotoxic lesions to genetically manipulated animals. An ADHD model is supposed to show phenomenological similarities with the disorder, i.e. it should mimic the three core symptoms (face validity). A model should also conform to an established or hypothesized pathophysiological basis of the disorder (construct validity).Finally, an animal model should be able to predict previously unknown aspects of the neurobiology of ADHD or to provide potential new treatments (predictive validity). The currently proposed models are heterogeneous with regard to their pathophysiological alterations and their ability to mimic behavioural symptoms and to predict response to medication. This might reflect the heterogeneous nature of ADHD. Since the knowledge about the biology of ADHD from human studies is limited, one cannot at present decide which model best represents ADHD or certain ADHD subtypes. Animal models with good face and predictive validity may be useful for investigations of the underlying biological substrates of ADHD. At present, the models in use should be described as animal models of ADHD-like symptoms rather than models of ADHD.

show abstract

Section: Functional and Structural Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a critical review

Sontag

Tucha

Walitza

et al. 2010

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Caudate studies have suggested smaller caudate in ADHD but have been inconsistent. Some have reported decreased volume of caudate in ADHD patients relative to controls (SemrudClikeman et al, 2006); Castellanos et al, 2002;Hynd et al, 1993), whereas others found no volume differences or larger caudate in ADHD patients (Mataro et al, 1997). Castellanos et al (2002) indicated that initially smaller caudate volumes showed normalization in ADHD males during late adolescence, possibly reflecting the clinical observation that the hyperactivity of ADHD tends to diminish during this time.…”

Section: Selected Adhd Imaging Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Attention Networks

Bush

2009

Neuropsychopharmacol

296

251

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research attempting to elucidate the neuropathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has not only shed light on the disorder itself, it has simultaneously provided new insights into the mechanisms of normal cognition and attention. This review will highlight and integrate this bidirectional flow of information. Following a brief overview of ADHD clinical phenomenology, ADHD studies will be placed into a wider historical perspective by providing illustrative examples of how major models of attention have influenced the development of neurocircuitry models of ADHD. The review will then identify major components of neural systems potentially relevant to ADHD, including attention networks, reward/feedbackbased processing systems, as well as a 'default mode' resting state network. Further, it will suggest ways in which these systems may interact and be influenced by neuromodulatory factors. Recent ADHD imaging data will be selectively provided to both illustrate the field's current level of knowledge and to show how such data can inform our understanding of normal brain functions. The review will conclude by suggesting possible avenues for future research.

show abstract

“…Multiple anatomic MRI (aMRI) studies of ADHD have revealed abnormalities in frontal areas [Castellanos et al, 1996[Castellanos et al, , 2000[Castellanos et al, , 2002Filipek et al, 1997;Hesslinger et al, 2002;Kates et al, 2002;Mostofsky et al, 2002] and interconnected subcortical structures including the caudate [Hynd et al, 1993;Castellanos et al, 1996;Filipek et al, 1997;Mataro et al, 1997], putamen [Wellington et al, 2006], globus pallidus [Basser and Pierpaoli, 1996], and cerebellum [Castellanos et al, 1996;Berquin et al, 1998;Mostofsky et al, 1998]. At the cerebral cortical level, observation of decreased volume of several frontal [Castellanos et al, 1996;Filipek et al, 1997;Hesslinger et al, 2002;Mostofsky et al, 2002] and nonfrontal regions suggests that abnormalities are not localized to a specific area.…”

Section: Anomalous Brain Development In Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neurobiological profile of girls with ADHD

Mahone

Wodka

2008

Dev Disabil Res Revs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since boys are more commonly diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) than girls, the majority of theories and published research studies of ADHD have been based on samples comprised primarily (or exclusively) of boys. While psychosocial impairment in girls with ADHD is well established, the neuropsychological and neurobiological basis of these deficits is less consistently observed. There is growing evidence that boys' and girls' brains develop and mature at different rates, suggesting that the trajectory of early anomalous brain development in ADHD may also be sex-specific. It remains unclear, however, whether earlier brain maturation observed in girls with ADHD is protective. In this review, we outline the current theory and research findings that seek to establish a unique neurobiological profile of girls with ADHD, highlighting sex differences in typical brain development and among children with ADHD. The review highlights findings from neurological, neurocognitive, and behavioral studies. Future research directions are suggested, including the need for longitudinal neuroimaging and neurobehavioral investigation beginning as early as the preschool years, and continuing through adolescence and adulthood, with consideration of identified sex differences in the development of ADHD.

show abstract

Attention Deficit- Hyperactivity Disorder and Asymmetry of the Caudate Nucleus

Cited by 348 publications

References 31 publications

Animal models of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a critical review

Animal models of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a critical review

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Attention Networks

The neurobiological profile of girls with ADHD

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About