Atrial Septal Defects in the Adult

Webb, Gary D.; Gatzoulis, Michael Α.

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.592055

Cited by 496 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…24,25 Generally, when right-to-left shunting with cyanosis is present, one has to seriously question the indication for closure. 26 A recent major breakthrough in the treatment of patients with PAH has been the availability of oral endothelin antagonists (eg, ambrisentan, bosentan, and sitaxsentan) and the applications of sildenafil, a type-5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Endothelin antagonists are potent pulmonary vasodilators with limited side effects and a proven beneficial effect when administered to patients with idiopathic PAH (iPAH).…”

Section: Corrective Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eisenmenger Syndrome: Not Always Inoperable

Liang

Zhou

2012

Respir Care

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Recently, advanced therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension have become available, and have been effective in reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and symptoms in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome, previously thought to be inoperable. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the pathophysiology and treatment of Eisenmenger syndrome. The recent introduction of targeted therapies in pulmonary arterial hypertension has led to a renewed insight in the pathophysiology and treatment of Eisenmenger syndrome. Patients with Eisenmenger syndrome using a diagnostic-treatment-and-repair strategy are amenable to surgery after successful treatment with advanced therapy. With continued improvements in the diagnosis, preoperative management, refinement of surgical techniques and intra-and postoperative management strategies, the patients with Eisenmenger syndrome selected using a diagnostic-treatment-and-repair strategy are operable with safety and efficacy in the current era with advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension therapy. Future directions of Eisenmenger syndrome may be the combination of reversal of pulmonary vascular remodeling and correction.

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Section: Corrective Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eisenmenger Syndrome: Not Always Inoperable

Liang

Zhou

2012

Respir Care

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“…After conversion into electrical signals, processing is carried out to decipher blood flow velocities. 71 Ultrasound technology can be used to diagnose cardiovascular diseases such as atrial spetal defects 69 and also ambiguous calcific left main stenoses. 62 Assessment of velocity waveforms of cardiac flow can be achieved using Doppler echocardiography.…”

Section: Comparison Of Pc-mri With Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Flow Analysis Applied to Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart

et al. 2009

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Abstract-Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging is performed to produce flow fields of blood in the heart. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the state of change in swirling blood flow within cardiac chambers and to quantify it for clinical analysis. Velocity fields based on the projection of the three dimensional blood flow onto multiple planes are scanned. The flow patterns can be illustrated using streamlines and vector plots to show the blood dynamical behavior at every cardiac phase. Large-scale vortices can be observed in the heart chambers, and we have developed a technique for characterizing their locations and strength. From our results, we are able to acquire an indication of the changes in blood swirls over one cardiac cycle by using temporal vorticity fields of the cardiac flow. This can improve our understanding of blood dynamics within the heart that may have implications in blood circulation efficiency. The results presented in this paper can establish a set of reference data to compare with unusual flow patterns due to cardiac abnormalities. The calibration of other flow-imaging modalities can also be achieved using this well-established velocityencoding standard.

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“…The age at which symptoms appear is highly variable and is not exclusively related to the size of the shunt. Exercise intolerance in the form of exertional dyspnoea or fatigue is the most common initial presenting symptom 1 . Effort intolerance due to the ASD in this case study was only revealed during exertion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typical signs of secundum atrial septal defect in a young female

Khan

Banoo

Ahmed

et al. 2015

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Abstract:We report the case of a 25-year-female presented with dyspnea & chest pain on exertion. The ECG showed signs of right ventricular overload. The chest X-ray showed an enlargement of central pulmonary arteries, pulmonary plethora and a small aortic knuckle. Atrial septal defect (ASD) was suspected and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) subsequently confirmed the presence of a large ostium secundum ASD. A surgical closure with an equine pericardium patch was performed. Two months after the surgical repair, the ECG and TTE showed the regression of signs of right ventricular overload.

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Atrial Septal Defects in the Adult

Cited by 496 publications

References 62 publications

Eisenmenger Syndrome: Not Always Inoperable

Eisenmenger Syndrome: Not Always Inoperable

Cardiac Flow Analysis Applied to Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart

Typical signs of secundum atrial septal defect in a young female

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