Atopic Dermatitis and Comorbidity

Bekić, Sanja; Martinek, Vjenceslav; Talapko, Jasminka; Majnarić, Ljiljana Trtica; Mihaljević, Mila Vasilj; Škrlec, Ivana

doi:10.3390/healthcare8020070

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The prevalence of AD is constantly growing worldwide over the past 30 years, and nowadays, AD affects about 10% of adults and up to 20% of children [ 2 ]. AD is associated with multiple comorbid chronic disorders, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, respiratory infection, mental disorders, metabolic syndrome, gastrointestinal problems, and cardiovascular disease [ 3 ]. A recent cohort study has revealed a variety of clinical forms of AD in adult-onset and childhood-onset types, which may be a crucial factor in determining the appropriate therapeutic medications [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysin Inhibits TNFα-Induced TSLP Expression through Downregulation of EGR1 Expression in Keratinocytes

Yeo

Lee

Ahn

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial cell-derived cytokine that acts as a critical mediator in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Various therapeutic agents that prevent TSLP function can efficiently relieve the clinical symptoms of AD. However, the downregulation of TSLP expression by therapeutic agents remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mode of action of chrysin in TSLP suppression in an AD-like inflammatory environment. We observed that the transcription factor early growth response (EGR1) contributed to the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced transcription of TSLP. Chrysin attenuated TNFα-induced TSLP expression by downregulating EGR1 expression in HaCaT keratinocytes. We also showed that the oral administration of chrysin improved AD-like skin lesions in the ear and neck of BALB/c mice challenged with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. We also showed that chrysin suppressed the expression of EGR1 and TSLP by inhibiting the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that chrysin improves AD-like skin lesions, at least in part, through the downregulation of the ERK1/2 or JNK1/2-EGR1-TSLP signaling axis in keratinocytes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysin Inhibits TNFα-Induced TSLP Expression through Downregulation of EGR1 Expression in Keratinocytes

Yeo

Lee

Ahn

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Remarkably, the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritisin atopic patients is found to reduce the atopy symptoms by 40 to 50% affirming that regulation of Th1 and Th2 cells strongly influences the inflammatory responses and disease outcome [27] .The observations about the above discussed two diseases,rheumatoid arthritis (Th1 predominance) and atopy (Th2 predominance), verify the above concept of immunity patterns for COVID–19. Further, infections are a common comorbidity in long-term atopic dermatitis [28] . Patients suffering from chronic atopic dermatitis show increase in Th1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID–19 and Progesterone: Part 2. Unraveling High Severity, Immunity Patterns, Immunity grading, Progesterone and its potential clinical use

Shah¹

2021

Endocrine and Metabolic Science

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Severely ill COVID–19(Corona Virus Disease of 2019) patients have a hyperinflammatory condition with a high concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines termed the cytokine storm. This milieu is reported to cause acute lung injury, oxygen deprivation, multiorgan damage, critical illness, and often death. Post SARS–CoV–2(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) infection, the fight between the invading virus and the host's immune system would either terminate in recovery, with eradication of the infection and regulation of the immune system; or there would be a continuation of immune attacks even after the virus has been cleared, leading to immune dysregulation and disease. This outcome is chiefly dependent on two factors: (1) the patient's immune response, and (2) sufficiency plus efficiency of the regulator(s). Concerning the first, the present research introduces a framework based on different types of immune responses to COVID–19 along with known disease examples,and how this relatesto varying clinical outcomes and treatment needs for COVID–19 patients. About the second factor of ‘regulator(s)’, part 1 of the manuscript described in depth the regulatory role of progesterone in COVID–19.The present study investigates the two immunity patterns and the status of the regulatory hormone progesterone with respect to the two established demographic risk factors for high-severity COVID–19: male sex, and old age. The study evaluates the status of progesterone as a credible participant of immune regulationand dysregulation. It duly relates the immunity patterns to clinical outcomes and evinces indications for clinical use of progesterone in COVID–19.It proposes a clear answer to the question: why are males and old patients most likely to have critical illness due to COVID–19? The study highlights clinical domains for the use of progesterone in COVID–19. Part 2 of this research introducing the concept of immunity patterns and immunity grading. These concepts herewith provided for the clinical course of COVID–19 also applies to other hyperinflammatory conditions. Possible clinical applications of progesterone to treat critically ill COVID–19 patients will open an avenue for hormonal treatments of infections and other immune-related diseases.

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“…Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most widespread chronic inflammatory skin disease marked by pruritus and relapsing course [ 100 , 101 ]. It is also known as eczema and atopic eczema.…”

Section: Clinical Application Of Silvermentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Silver and Its Application in Dentistry, Cardiology and Dermatology

Talapko

Matijević²,

Juzbašić

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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The problem of antimicrobial resistance is increasingly present and requires the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. Although the healing features of silver have been recognized since ancient times, silver has not been used due to newly discovered antibiotics. Thanks to technology development, a significant step forward has been made in silver nanoparticles research. Nowadays, silver nanoparticles are a frequent target of researchers to find new and better drugs. Namely, there is a need for silver nanoparticles as alternative antibacterial nanobiotics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), depending on their size and shape, also have different antimicrobial activity. In addition to their apparent antibacterial activity, AgNPs can serve as drug delivery systems and have anti-thrombogenic, anti-platelet, and anti-hypertensive properties. Today they are increasingly used in clinical medicine and dental medicine. This paper presents silver antimicrobial activity and its use in dentistry, cardiology, and dermatology, where it has an extensive range of effects.

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Atopic Dermatitis and Comorbidity

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Chrysin Inhibits TNFα-Induced TSLP Expression through Downregulation of EGR1 Expression in Keratinocytes

Chrysin Inhibits TNFα-Induced TSLP Expression through Downregulation of EGR1 Expression in Keratinocytes

COVID–19 and Progesterone: Part 2. Unraveling High Severity, Immunity Patterns, Immunity grading, Progesterone and its potential clinical use

Antibacterial Activity of Silver and Its Application in Dentistry, Cardiology and Dermatology

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