Atomic spectroscopy on a chip

Yang, Wei; Conkey, Donald B.; Wu, Bichen; Yin, Dongmei; Hawkins, Aaron R.; Schmidt, Holger

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2007.74

Cited by 188 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In particular,, by exploiting the unprecedented field enhancement in plasmonic structures, nonlinear interactions may be enhanced to remarkable levels 23 . In this context, one should mention that enhancing the interaction of light with thermal alkali vapours can also be achieved by using photonic-guided modes, as demonstrated in hollow core photonic crystal fibres 24,25 , hollow core antireflecting optical waveguides 26,27 , and tapered nanofibres 28,29 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Fano resonances and all-optical switching in a resonantly coupled plasmonic–atomic system

2014

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The possibility of combining atomic and plasmonic resonances opens new avenues for tailoring the spectral properties of materials. Following the rapid progress in the field of plasmonics, it is now possible to confine light to unprecedented nanometre dimensions, enhancing light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. However, the resonant coupling between the relatively broad plasmonic resonance and the ultra-narrow fundamental atomic line remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a resonantly coupled plasmonic-atomic platform consisting of a surface plasmon resonance and rubidium ( 85 Rb) atomic vapour. Taking advantage of the Fano interplay between the atomic and plasmonic resonances, we are able to control the lineshape and the dispersion of this hybrid system. Furthermore, by exploiting the plasmonic enhancement of light-matter interactions, we demonstrate alloptical control of the Fano resonance by introducing an additional pump beam.

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confidence: 99%

Fano resonances and all-optical switching in a resonantly coupled plasmonic–atomic system

2014

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“…These advantages, thanks to rapidly developed fabrication techniques, make the plasmonic nanostructure a promising candidate for applications in ultracompact active quantum devices, for example, single photons sources 17−19 and atomic spectroscopy on a chip. 36 Crossing damping between two closely lying upper states of atoms, originated from the interaction with the common vacuum of electromagnetic fields, has led to ultranarrow spectral line in spontaneous emission, 37,38 which is potentially of interest in spectroscopy. Except for nearly parallel dipoles, such interesting interference phenomenon can not occur in a vacuum due to small or zero value of crossing damping terms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Surface-Plasmon-Induced Modification on the Spontaneous Emission Spectrum via Subwavelength-Confined Anisotropic Purcell Factor

Wang

Ren

et al. 2012

Nano Lett.

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The mechanism of using the anisotropic Purcell factor to control the spontaneous emission linewidths in a four-level atom is theoretically demonstrated; if the polarization angle bisector of the two dipole moments lies along the axis of large/small Purcell factor, destructive/constructive interference narrows/widens the fluorescence center spectral lines. Large anisotropy of the Purcell factor, confined in the subwavelength optical mode volume, leads to rapid spectral line narrowing of atom approaching a metallic nanowire, nanoscale line width pulsing following periodically varying decay rates near a periodic metallic nanostructure, and dramatic modification on the spontaneous emission spectrum near a custom-designed resonant plasmon nanostructure. The combined system opens a good perspective for applications in ultracompact active quantum devices. KEYWORDS: Surface plasmon, spontaneous emission, Purcell factor, quantum emitter, quantum interference R ecent developments in nanotechnology and information technologies have made nanoscale light-matter interaction a tremendous research focus. 1 Small optical mode area in nanofiber-based photonic structures plays a significant role allowing low-light level quantum optical phenomena, such as electromagnetically induced transparency in the nanowatt regime, 2,3 four wave mixing with great gain, 4 and two-photon absorption with sharp peaks in the Rubidium vapor. 5 Ultrasmall optical mode volume in plasmon nanostructures 6 leads to strong coupling between surface plasmons and quantum emitters, which enables the vacuum Rabi splitting, 7,8 the Fano lineshapes in the absorption spectrum, 9−12 and its obvious influence on the two-photon statistics. 13 Superior to many available photonic nanostructures, associated with ultrasmall optical mode volume, 6 plasmonic structures present the key advantage of a large subwavelengthconfined anisotropic vacuum, that is, large anisotropic Purcell factor, 14,15 which originates from an anisotropic electric mode density of collective oscillations of free electrons in metals. 16−19 Another advantage is strong evanescent field of metallic nanostructures, which has promoted many applications, for example, SERS, 20 nanometer biosensors and waveguides, 21 nonlinear optical frequency mixing, 22−24 solar cell, 25,26 and so forth. Through modifying the population of excited states and decay rate of quantum emitters near plasmon structure, the fluorescence enhancement and quenching of fluorescent molecules and semiconductor quantum dots can be controlled well. 27−32 By confining the light into nanoscale volumes, plasmonic elements allow for a nanoscale realization of Mollow triplet of emission spectra and antibunching of emission photons of single molecules that traditional technique can not be accessible. 1,33,34 Through the nanoscale coupling between the surface plasmon modes and single quantum emitter, the directional and efficiency generation of single photons 17−19 and entanglement of two qubits 35 were proposed. These advantages, t...

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“…Currently, various strategies exist to interface atoms with confined light fields, for example, atoms in hollow waveguides (ARROWs) [1,2], hollow core fibers [3,4], and tapered nanofibers [5][6][7]. A further scheme has recently been demonstrated by combining chip-based solid core waveguides [8][9][10], MachZehnder interferometers [8], and ring resonators [11,12] with thermal atomic vapor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Thermal Atomic Vapor to Slot Waveguides

et al. 2018

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We study the interaction of thermal rubidium atoms with the guided mode of slot waveguides integrated in a vapor cell. Slot waveguides provide strong confinement of the light field in an area that overlaps with the atomic vapor. We investigate the transmission of the atomic cladding waveguides depending on the slot width, which determines the fraction of transmitted light power interacting with the atomic vapor. An elaborate simulation method has been developed to understand the behavior of the measured spectra. This model is based on individual trajectories of the atoms and includes both line shifts and decay rates due to atom-surface interactions that we have calculated for our specific geometries using the discrete dipole approximation. Furthermore, we investigate density-dependent effects on the line widths and line shifts of the rubidium atoms in the subwavelength interaction region of a slot waveguide.

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Atomic spectroscopy on a chip

Cited by 188 publications

References 29 publications

Fano resonances and all-optical switching in a resonantly coupled plasmonic–atomic system

Fano resonances and all-optical switching in a resonantly coupled plasmonic–atomic system

Surface-Plasmon-Induced Modification on the Spontaneous Emission Spectrum via Subwavelength-Confined Anisotropic Purcell Factor

Coupling Thermal Atomic Vapor to Slot Waveguides

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