Atomic Norm Based Localization and Orientation Estimation for Millimeter-Wave MIMO OFDM Systems

Abstract

Herein, an atomic norm based method for accurately estimating the location and orientation of a target from millimeterwave multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing (OFDM) signals is presented. A novel virtual channel matrix is introduced and an algorithm to extract localization-relevant channel parameters from its atomic norm decomposition is designed. Then, based on the extended invariance principle, a weighted least squares problem is proposed to accurately recover the location and orientation using both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight channel information. Numerical results highlight performance improvements over a prior method and the resultant performance nearly achieves the Cramér-Rao lower bound.