Atmospheric pressure conversion of carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonates using a metal-free Lewis acid-base bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst

Chand, Hushan; Choudhary, Priyanka; Kumar, Ashish; Kumar, Ajay; Krishnan, Venkata

doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101646

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 80 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is obvious that the Zn thin film surface is extremely smooth, and the grain size is basically uniform. Nevertheless, a totally different surface of the Zn thin film after SC-EA is observed as displayed in Figure b, which looks like a tangled mass of grass rather than clusters. − Moreover, this is confirmed in Figure with a higher magnification SEM image in the specific region of Figure b, depicting the surface and cross-section of the post-treated Zn film. When we scrutinize the section of the nanostructure, a hollow tube structure is observed at the terminal and the length of the nanotube is about several micrometers.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Eco-Friendly, Highly Efficient Ethanol-Assisted Supercritical Preparation of an Ultrathin ZnO Nanotube

Chang

Zhou

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The nanotubes widely used in the advanced semiconductor manufacturing field suffer from complicated timeand energy-consuming synthesis processes, thus requiring an efficient preparation method. In this study, ethanol-assisted supercritical treatment (SC-EA), a sustainable approach with less environmental hazard, has been applied to efficiently synthesize ZnO nanotubes. Materials free from any detrimental effect on the environment have been utilized in the proposed ethanol−water mixed supercritical fluid technique to realize nanotube growth. High synthetic efficiency, eco-friendly processing, and an ultrasimple procedure are achieved in the SC-EA treatment at a low temperature and with a low preparation cost. The analysis results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) collectively confirm the successful synthesis of ZnO nanotubes with an ultrathin crystalline wall of only 3 nm. A chemical reaction model is established for a better understanding of the SC-EA process in which ethanol molecules act as the surfactants to help ZnO nanotubes grow by forming nanocells. Such a green supercritical methodology, by means of an eco-friendly synthesis system in achieving CO 2 reutilization and recycling, provides a bright future to modulate a variety of nanostructured materials in a facile and efficient way.

show abstract

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Eco-Friendly, Highly Efficient Ethanol-Assisted Supercritical Preparation of an Ultrathin ZnO Nanotube

Chang

Zhou

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In our recent works, we presented a straightforward synthetic strategy to obtain materials based on imidazolium salts supported on CNHs or CNTs, which showed good catalytic activity towards the previously mentioned reaction and a surprising increase in the same activity during the recycling tests [26]. We are aware that the transformation process of carbon dioxide into cyclic carbonates can be further promoted through the activation of the epoxide three-membered ring by the coordination of the oxygen atom with metal centres [41][42][43][44] (Lewis acids) or by means of its interaction with hydrogen bond donor species [45][46][47][48][49][50][51], then allowing milder reaction conditions. Nevertheless, we planned such reactions in their absence as external additives in order to investigate the behaviour of CNFs/poly ionic liquid hybrid materials under the harder reaction conditions adopted for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates assessing, in the meantime, their mechanical resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Study on the Stability of Carbon Nanoforms–Polyimidazolium Network Hybrids in the Conversion of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates: Increase in Catalytic Activity after Reuse

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three different carbon nanoforms (CNFs), single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, MWCNTs) and carbon nanohorns (CNHs), have been used as supports for the direct polymerization of variable amounts of a bis-vinylimidazolium salt. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that all CNFs act as templates on the growth of the polymeric network, which perfectly covers the nanocarbons forming a cylindrical (SWCNTs, MWCNTs) or spherical (CNHs) coating. The stability of these hybrid materials was investigated in the conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonate under high temperature and CO2 pressure. Compared with the homopolymerized monomer, nanotube-based materials display an improved catalytic activity. Beside the low catalytic loading (0.05–0.09 mol%) and the absence of Lewis acid co-catalysts, all the materials showed high TON values (up to 1154 for epichlorohydrin with SW-1:2). Interestingly, despite the loss of part of the polymeric coating for crumbling or peeling, the activity increases upon recycling of the materials, and this behaviour was ascribed to their change in morphology, which led to materials with higher surface areas and with more accessible catalytic sites. Transmission electron microscopy analysis, along with different experiments, have been carried out in order to elucidate these findings.

show abstract

“…), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), perovskite oxides, and so on. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The energy band alignments of some commonly applied semiconductor photocatalysts are shown in Figure 1. Although the enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 RR applications have been evidenced, these materials are still suffering from some intrinsic drawbacks, such as poor stability, limited optical response, weak reaction activity, and high cost; additionally, most materials can only absorb UV light and have low selectivity for products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Inorganic Halide Perovskite Photocatalysts toward Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2022

Solar RRL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction has emerged as an attractive strategy to settle the global warming and energy crisis by converting CO2 into valuable chemicals utilizing solar energy. All‐inorganic halide perovskites (PVKs), as a class of promising light‐harvesting materials with outstanding optoelectronic properties and considerable stabilities, have received dramatic attention in the field of photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). In this review, the recent progress of PVK catalysts for CO2RR is systematically summarized and evaluated according to the modification strategies and their mechanisms. The working principles of CO2RR are first introduced. The main strategies for improving the photoelectrochemical performance are then discussed and their recent developments are summarized. Finally, the current challenges, including instability, charge recombination, and insufficient active sites, and future research opportunities for further development are addressed.

show abstract

Atmospheric pressure conversion of carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonates using a metal-free Lewis acid-base bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst

Cited by 59 publications

References 80 publications

Eco-Friendly, Highly Efficient Ethanol-Assisted Supercritical Preparation of an Ultrathin ZnO Nanotube

Eco-Friendly, Highly Efficient Ethanol-Assisted Supercritical Preparation of an Ultrathin ZnO Nanotube

A Study on the Stability of Carbon Nanoforms–Polyimidazolium Network Hybrids in the Conversion of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates: Increase in Catalytic Activity after Reuse

Tailoring Inorganic Halide Perovskite Photocatalysts toward Carbon Dioxide Reduction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About