Atmospheric-ionospheric disturbances following the April 2015 Calbuco volcano from GPS and OMI observations

Liu, Xin; Zhang, Qinyun; Shah, Munawar; Zhang, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2017.07.007

Cited by 28 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A typical N-type TEC disturbance with an amplitude of 0.07-0.6 TECU was also triggered by the Chelyabinsk meteorite blast event [12,[14][15][16]. Similar TEC disturbance characteristics also were found in earthquakes, rocket launches, nuclear explosions, and tsunamis [3][4][5][6][7]. Due to the direction, elevation angle between the receiver of the AC60 station and the satellite, the distances between the TID and the explosion point, and different azimuth angle of the TID, the detected magnitude of the TID and the propagation velocities are different, which indicating that the TID caused by the meteor explosion is anisotropic and the result is consistent with Yuri's research [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Using the above detection techniques, changes of the TID are detected by analyzing the ionospheric parameters, including total electron content, and electron density, etc. [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Studies on large meteor explosions in the lower atmosphere are rare, and the current studies mainly focus on the ionospheric disturbances caused by the 2013 Chelyabinsk meteor explosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by the 2018 Bering Sea Meteor Explosion Based on GPS Observations

Luo

Yao

Shan

2020

Sensors

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The Bering Sea meteor explosion that occurred on 18 December 2018 provides a good opportunity to study the ionospheric disturbances caused by meteor explosions. Total electron content (TEC) is the core parameter of ionospheric analysis. TEC and its changes can be accurately estimated based on the Global Positioning System (GPS). TID is detected in time and frequency domain based on power spectrum and Butterworth filtering method. By analyzing the waveform, period, wavelength, propagation speed and space-time distribution of TID, the location of the TID source is determined, and the process of TID formation and propagation is understood. The TID caused by meteor explosions has significant anisotropy characteristic. Two types of TID were found. For the first type, the average horizontal propagation velocity is 250.22 ± 5.98 m/s, the wavelength is ~135–240 km, the average period is about 12 min, and the propagation distance is less than 1400 km. About 8 min after the meteor explosion, the first type of TID source formed and propagated radially at the velocity of 250.22 ± 5.98 m/s. For the second type, the propagation velocity is ~434.02 m/s. According to the waveform, period, wavelength and propagation velocity of the TID, it is diagnosed to be the midscale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTID). Based on the characteristics of TID, we infer that the TID is excited by the gravity waves generated by the meteor explosion, which is in accordance with the propagation law of gravity waves in the ionosphere. And it is estimated that the average velocity of the up-going gravity waves is about 464.58 m/s. A simple model was established to explain the formation and the propagation of this TID, and to verify the characteristics of the TID propagation caused by nuclear explosion, earthquake, tsunami, and Chelyabinsk meteorite blast. It is estimated that the position of the TID source is consistent with the meteor explosion point, which further indicates that the TID is caused by the meteor explosion and propagates radially.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by the 2018 Bering Sea Meteor Explosion Based on GPS Observations

Luo

Yao

Shan

2020

Sensors

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“…Atmospheric‐ionospheric disturbances generated by the April 2015 Calbuco eruptions were also studied by X. Liu et al (). By using data from 50 GPS stations, they observed TEC disturbances with an amplitude of 0.1–0.4 TECU about 1 hr after the eruptions.…”

Section: Ionospheric Response To Volcanic Eruptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric Detection of Natural Hazards

Astafyeva

2019

Reviews of Geophysics

201

167

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Natural hazards (NH), such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and severe tropospheric weather events, generate acoustic and gravity waves that propagate upward and cause perturbations in the atmosphere and ionosphere. The first NH-related ionospheric disturbances were detected after the great 1964 Alaskan earthquake by ionosondes and Doppler sounders. Since then, many other observations confirmed the responsiveness of the ionosphere to NH. Within the last two decades, outstanding progress has been made in this area owing to the development of networks of ground-based dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers. The use of GNSS-sounding has substantially enlarged our knowledge about the solid earth/ocean/atmosphere/ionosphere coupling and NH-related ionospheric disturbances and their main features. Moreover, recent results have demonstrated that it is possible to localize NH from their ionospheric signatures and also, if/when applicable, to obtain the information about the NH source (i.e., the source location and extension and the source onset time). Although all these results were obtained in retrospective studies, they have opened an exciting possibility for future ionosphere-based detection and monitoring of NH in near-real time. This article reviews the recent developments in the area of ionospheric detection of earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions, and it discusses the future perspectives for this novel discipline. Plain Language SummaryThe ionosphere is the ionized region of the Earth's atmosphere that is located between~60 and~800 km of altitude. The ionosphere is largely impacted by the solar and magnetic activities, as well as by the neutral atmosphere. Besides these large-scale and global processes influencing from above, the ionosphere can be more "locally" perturbed from below by geophysical phenomena (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and severe tropospheric weather events) and by man-made events (e.g., explosions, rocket and missile launches, and mine blasts). From below, the disturbances arrive in the ionosphere as acoustic and gravity waves. Upon their upward propagation, these waves grow in amplitude up to a million times owing to the exponential decrease of the atmospheric density with height. Consequently, the acoustic and gravity waves generated at the Earth's surface may provoke significant perturbations in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. In the ionosphere, the perturbations can be detected by ionospheric sounding tools, such as GNSS receivers, ionosondes, and airglow cameras.

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“…However, some observational studies have indicated basic characteristics of the upper atmospheric response to volcanic eruptions. These observations were ionospheric observations using ionosondes (Igarashi et al, ), Doppler sounders (Liu et al, ; Cheng & Huang, ), TEC variations from Faraday rotation of trans‐ionospheric signals (Igarashi et al, ; Liu et al, ; Roberts et al, ), GPS‐derived TEC perturbations (Dautermann, Calais, & Mattioli, , Dautermann, Calais, Lognonne, et al, ; Heki , ; Liu et al, ; Nakashima et al, ; Shults et al, ), or VLF receivers (Rozhnoi et al, ). Several insights were obtained from the observations.…”

Section: Summary Of Major Observational Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Atmospheric Responses to Surface Disturbances: An Observational Perspective

et al. 2019

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We review observations on the coupling between Earth's surface disturbances and the upper atmosphere. In particular, we focus on the upper atmospheric responses to atmospheric acousticgravity waves generated during impulsive surface disturbance events including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and explosions. We review the theoretical background for the generation and propagation of atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves from surface disturbance events as well as of the ionospheric plasma response to such acoustic-gravity waves. We review a variety of observational techniques that have been successfully utilized to detect upper atmospheric perturbations induced by surface disturbances and summarize the state-of-the-art knowledge on the coupling processes learnt from these observations. Finally, we touch on some most recent advances in the field and propose directions for future research.Plain Language Summary Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and chemical and nuclear explosions on or under the ground create sudden and violent motions of the ground or ocean surface. While ground shakings during some massive earthquakes can be felt by people who live thousands of kilometers away from the epicenters, the shakings can also be detected from the atmosphere hundreds of kilometers above the ground (upper atmosphere). Similarly, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and explosions can have footprints in the upper atmosphere as well. These footprints have been successfully detected by a variety of observational techniques. This paper reviews the observational results and the current understanding of the physical mechanisms behind the coupling between the ground/ocean and the upper atmosphere. In addition, future research directions are proposed in order to address the open questions.

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Atmospheric-ionospheric disturbances following the April 2015 Calbuco volcano from GPS and OMI observations

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Analysis of Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by the 2018 Bering Sea Meteor Explosion Based on GPS Observations

Analysis of Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by the 2018 Bering Sea Meteor Explosion Based on GPS Observations

Ionospheric Detection of Natural Hazards

Upper Atmospheric Responses to Surface Disturbances: An Observational Perspective

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