2016

DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307993

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Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture

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Introduction3

Phenotypic Heterogeneity Associated With Atherosclerosis1

Integration Of Imaging1

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Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 132 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, this heterogeneity among plaque formation is compounded by a phenotypically diverse environment of cell responders within the plaque. The plaque, in and of itself, involves an extremely complicated system of cell-cell and cell-particle interactions which leads to progression and sometimes rupture (98). scRNA-seq has the potential to better deconvolute the complexity of the cellular phenotypes seen within atherosclerotic plaques, including mediating inflammatory cells (99).…”

Section: Phenotypic Heterogeneity Associated With Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of the Cardiovascular System: New Looks for Old Diseases

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et al. 2019

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Cardiovascular disease encompasses a wide range of conditions, resulting in the highest number of deaths worldwide. The underlying pathologies surrounding cardiovascular disease include a vast and complicated network of both cellular and molecular mechanisms. Unique phenotypic alterations in specific cell types, visualized as varying RNA expression-levels (both coding and non-coding), have been identified as crucial factors in the pathology underlying conditions such as heart failure and atherosclerosis. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have elucidated a new realm of cell subpopulations and transcriptional variations that are associated with normal and pathological physiology in a wide variety of diseases. This breakthrough in the phenotypical understanding of our cells has brought novel insight into cardiovascular basic science. scRNA-seq allows for separation of widely distinct cell subpopulations which were, until recently, simply averaged together with bulk-tissue RNA-seq. scRNA-seq has been used to identify novel cell types in the heart and vasculature that could be implicated in a variety of disease pathologies. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has been able to identify significant heterogeneity of phenotypes within individual cell subtype populations. The ability to characterize single cells based on transcriptional phenotypes allows researchers the ability to map development of cells and identify changes in specific subpopulations due to diseases at a very high throughput. This review looks at recent scRNA-seq studies of various aspects of the cardiovascular system and discusses their potential value to our understanding of the cardiovascular system and pathology.

“…Furthermore, this heterogeneity among plaque formation is compounded by a phenotypically diverse environment of cell responders within the plaque. The plaque, in and of itself, involves an extremely complicated system of cell-cell and cell-particle interactions which leads to progression and sometimes rupture (98). scRNA-seq has the potential to better deconvolute the complexity of the cellular phenotypes seen within atherosclerotic plaques, including mediating inflammatory cells (99).…”

Section: Phenotypic Heterogeneity Associated With Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of the Cardiovascular System: New Looks for Old Diseases

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2019

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Cardiovascular disease encompasses a wide range of conditions, resulting in the highest number of deaths worldwide. The underlying pathologies surrounding cardiovascular disease include a vast and complicated network of both cellular and molecular mechanisms. Unique phenotypic alterations in specific cell types, visualized as varying RNA expression-levels (both coding and non-coding), have been identified as crucial factors in the pathology underlying conditions such as heart failure and atherosclerosis. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have elucidated a new realm of cell subpopulations and transcriptional variations that are associated with normal and pathological physiology in a wide variety of diseases. This breakthrough in the phenotypical understanding of our cells has brought novel insight into cardiovascular basic science. scRNA-seq allows for separation of widely distinct cell subpopulations which were, until recently, simply averaged together with bulk-tissue RNA-seq. scRNA-seq has been used to identify novel cell types in the heart and vasculature that could be implicated in a variety of disease pathologies. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has been able to identify significant heterogeneity of phenotypes within individual cell subtype populations. The ability to characterize single cells based on transcriptional phenotypes allows researchers the ability to map development of cells and identify changes in specific subpopulations due to diseases at a very high throughput. This review looks at recent scRNA-seq studies of various aspects of the cardiovascular system and discusses their potential value to our understanding of the cardiovascular system and pathology.

“…Plaque rupture is responsible for the adverse consequences of ischemic events in acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents and death [26]. At advanced stages of atherosclerosis, rupture of vulnerable plaques exposes their thrombogenic compounds, thereby leading to luminal thrombosis [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse models of atherosclerosis: a historical perspective and recent advances

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et al. 2017

Lipids Health Dis

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Atherosclerosis represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in both the developed and developing countries. Animal models of atherosclerosis have served as valuable tools for providing insights on its aetiology, pathophysiology and complications. They can be used for invasive interrogation of physiological function and provide a platform for testing the efficacy and safety of different pharmacological therapies. Compared to studies using human subjects, animal models have the advantages of being easier to manage, with controllable diet and environmental risk factors. Moreover, pathophysiological changes can be induced either genetically or pharmacologically to study the harmful effects of these interventions. There is no single ideal animal model, as different systems are suitable for different research objectives. A good understanding of the similarities and differences to humans enables effective extrapolation of data for translational application. In this article, we will examine the different mouse models for the study and elucidation of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis. We also review recent advances in the field, such as the role of oxidative stress in promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA damage, which can result in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Finally, novel therapeutic approaches to reduce vascular damage caused by chronic inflammation using microRNA and nano-medicine technology, are discussed.

“…71 At the same time, imaging can also be employed to study immunotherapeutic agents’ effects on vessel morphology and plaque stability, through readouts reporting on vessel wall thickness and permeability, inflammation and macrophage proliferation. 72, 73 …”

Section: Integration Of Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Immunotherapy and the Role of Imaging

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2017

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