Atherogenic modification of low-density lipoproteins

Sukhorukov, Vasily N.; Карагодин, В П; Orekhov, Alexander N.

doi:10.18097/pbmc20166204391

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Desialylated LDL particles were also shown to contain less antioxidants and dwell for a longer time in the subendothelial space of the arterial wall, which may explain their increased susceptibility to oxidation. As a result, atherogenic multiple-modified LDL is generated in atherosclerosis-prone individuals [18,19]. Oxidized LDL accumulates in predisposed for atherosclerosis areas of the arterial wall and contributes to the increased expression of vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1), P, and E-selectins and other cell adhesion molecules on the endothelial cells.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Atherosclerosis Development and Treatment

Poznyak

Grechko

Orekhova

et al. 2020

Biology

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Atherosclerosis can be regarded as chronic inflammatory disease affecting the arterial wall. Despite the recent progress in studying the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, some of the pathogenic mechanisms remain to be fully understood. Among these mechanisms is oxidative stress, which is closely linked to foam cells formation and other key events in atherosclerosis development. Two groups of enzymes are involved in the emergence of oxidative stress: Pro-oxidant (including NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidases, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and antioxidant (such as superoxide dismutase, catalases, and thioredoxins). Pro-oxidant enzymes in normal conditions produce moderate concentrations of reactive oxidant species that play an important role in cell functioning and can be fully utilized by antioxidant enzymes. Under pathological conditions, activities of both pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes can be modified by numerous factors that can be relevant for developing novel therapies. Recent studies have explored potential therapeutic properties of antioxidant molecules that are capable to eliminate oxidative damage. However, the results of these studies remain controversial. Other perspective approach is to inhibit the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes and thus to slow down the progression of atherosclerosis. In this review we summarized the current knowledge on oxidative stress in atherosclerosis and potential antioxidant approaches. We discuss several important antioxidant molecules of plant origin that appear to be promising for treatment of atherosclerosis.

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Section: Oxidative Stress In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Atherosclerosis Development and Treatment

Poznyak

Grechko

Orekhova

et al. 2020

Biology

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“…Subendothelial lipid accumulation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the arterial cells. The extra- and intracellular lipid deposition predominantly of cholesterol esters leading to the formation of foam cells in the arterial intima is not only one of the earliest manifestations of atherosclerosis (preclinical atherogenesis) but also the triggering event of the onset of atherosclerotic lesion development [19]. The cells populating atherosclerotic lesions are called foam cells for the foamy appearance of their cytoplasm, which is almost completely loaded with lipid inclusions [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Atherogenic Role of Circulating Modified Lipids in Atherosclerosis

Summerhill

Grechko

Yet

et al. 2019

IJMS

111

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Lipid accumulation in the arterial wall is a crucial event in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the major source of lipids that accumulate in the atherosclerotic plaques. It was discovered that not all LDL is atherogenic. In the blood plasma of atherosclerotic patients, LDL particles are the subject of multiple enzymatic and non-enzymatic modifications that determine their atherogenicity. Desialylation is the primary and the most important atherogenic LDL modification followed by a cascade of other modifications that also increase blood atherogenicity. The enzyme trans-sialidase is responsible for the desialylation of LDL, therefore, its activity plays an important role in atherosclerosis development. Moreover, circulating modified LDL is associated with immune complexes that also have a strong atherogenic potential. Moreover, it was shown that antibodies to modified LDL are also atherogenic. The properties of modified LDL were described, and the strong evidence indicating that it is capable of inducing intracellular accumulation of lipids was presented. The accumulated evidence indicated that the molecular properties of modified LDL, including LDL-containing immune complexes can serve as the prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets for the development of anti-atherosclerotic drugs.

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“…It has been shown that in the blood of most patients with coronary atherosclerosis there are circulating IC, consisting of LDL and anti-LDL antibodies [22] . An increase in the level of m-LDL and a high titer of antibodies to them in patients with diabetes with an existing cardiovascular pathology was revealed in comparison with the control group [23] .…”

Section: Multiple Modification Of Ldl In Blood Plasmamentioning

confidence: 85%

Risk factors for atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes on long-term hemodialysis

Archakova¹,

Недосугова²

2018

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular mortality, exacerbated by the development of chronic renal failure secondary to diabetic nephropathy, which requires long-term hemodialysis (LTH). However, in the case of LTH cardiovascular mortality exceeds that in the general population, especially in patients with diabetes. The identification of risk factors for the progression of atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in patients with DM on LTH is of great importance for finding a more effective approach to the prevention of cardiovascular mortality in a given cohort of patients. The presented review contains analysis of current literature data on the evaluation of both traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity in order to improve the effectiveness of therapeutic and diagnostic tactics.

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Atherogenic modification of low-density lipoproteins

Cited by 15 publications

References 73 publications

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Atherosclerosis Development and Treatment

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Atherosclerosis Development and Treatment

The Atherogenic Role of Circulating Modified Lipids in Atherosclerosis

Risk factors for atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in patients with type 2 diabetes on long-term hemodialysis

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