Astrovirus‐Associated epidemic gastroenteritis in japan

Konno, Tasuke; Sano, Hiroshi; Ishida, Nakao; Chiba, Ryuichi; Mochizuki, Kazuki; Tsunoda, Akira

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890090103

Cited by 66 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The incubation period appears to be 24 to 36 hours, similar to those for other gastroenteritis viruses (204). Symptoms can last from 12 h to 3 to 4 days (7,204,210).…”

Section: Astrovirusessupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Children, from infancy to 5 to 7 years of age, are most likely to develop symptomatic disease with astroviruses (7,204,210), although exposed adults can also develop mild disease, but with less frequency (204,210,278). In one study (210), older children were also found to be less likely to develop disease than younger children.…”

Section: Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Astroviruses have been isolated in the United Kingdom (7,210,229,230) Norway (199), Federal Republic of Germany (226), Japan (204), and North America. They are responsible for about 5% of infantile gastroenteritis, including nosocomial infections.…”

Section: Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The point of the astrovirus star radiates our from a central point or knob and has no hollow center as does the calicivirus. The astrovirus buoyant density in cesium chloride has been reported to be 1.39 to 1.40 (204) and 1.33 to 1.34 (226) g/cm3.…”

Section: Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human viral gastroenteritis

Christensen

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

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During the last 15 years, several different groups of fastidious viruses that are responsible for a large proportion of acute viral gastroenteritis cases have been discovered by the electron microscopic examination of stool specimens. This disease is one of the most prevalent and serious clinical syndromes seen around the world, especially in children. Rotaviruses, in the family Reoviridae, and fastidious fecal adenoviruses account for much of the viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children, whereas the small caliciviruses and unclassified astroviruses, and possibly enteric coronaviruses, are responsible for significantly fewer cases overall. In addition to electron microscopy, enzyme immunoassays and other rapid antigen detection systems have been developed to detect rotaviruses and fastidious fecal adenoviruses in the stool specimens of both nonhospitalized patients and those hospitalized for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Experimental rotavirus vaccines have also been developed, due to the prevalence and seriousness of rotavirus infection. The small, unclassified Norwalk virus and morphologically similar viruses are responsible for large and small outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in older children, adolescents, and adults. Hospitalization of older patients infected with these viruses is usually not required, and their laboratory diagnoses have been limited primarily to research laboratories.

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“…The incubation period appears to be 24 to 36 hours, similar to those for other gastroenteritis viruses (204). Symptoms can last from 12 h to 3 to 4 days (7,204,210).…”

Section: Astrovirusessupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Astrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Human viral gastroenteritis

Christensen

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

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“…Gastroenteritis outbreaks associated with HAstV infection have been reported in children's day care centers (4,7,10) and schools (12) as well as in care centers for the elderly (9). HAstV infection usually results in mild disease, but outbreaks often involve a high number of children (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of Neonatal Gastroenteritis Associated with Astrovirus Serotype 1 at a Hospital in Inner Mongolia, China

Liu

Guo

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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This report describes for the first time an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis among neonates associated with human astrovirus (HAstV) serotype 1b at a maternity hospital in Inner Mongolia, China. Of 40 specimens, 28 were astrovirus positive and rotavirus, calicivirus, and adenovirus negative. Poor hygiene likely contributed to the spread and persistence of HAstV in the neonatal care room.Human astrovirus (HAstV) is a common cause of childhood diarrhea, especially in those less than 2 years old. Gastroenteritis outbreaks associated with HAstV infection have been reported in children's day care centers (4, 7, 10) and schools (12) as well as in care centers for the elderly (9). HAstV infection usually results in mild disease, but outbreaks often involve a high number of children (8). Mixed infection of HAstV with rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus has often been reported (7). HAstV was first described in 1975 during an outbreak of diarrhea in the nursery of a maternity ward, but few such reports have been published subsequently, one example being a study from Thailand (14).HAstVs are classified into eight serotypes according to the reactivity of the capsid proteins with type-specific monoclonal antibodies. HAstV1 is the most prevalent strain globally, HAstV2 to HAstV4 less so, and HAstV5 to HAstV8 the least prevalent (11). Recombination of HAstVs is seldom reported. Walter et al. characterized a HAstV3/5 recombinant strain and located a potential recombination site at the ORF1b/ORF2 junction (15).In this study, we describe for the first time an outbreak among neonates of gastroenteritis associated with HAstV1 at a maternity hospital in Inner Mongolia, China. Diarrhea in neonates is defined on the basis of increased frequency and watery consistency of stools compared with their regular pattern. From 9 October 2008 to 13 February 2009, 61 neonates were diagnosed with acute diarrhea. Slightly more than half (34 [55.7%]) suffered diarrhea in the first week of life, 22 (36%) in the second week, and the remainder (5 [8.2%]) at no more than 1 month of age. All neonates with diarrhea need to be hospitalized to receive fluid and electrolyte replacement. Demographic and clinical data and informed consent were obtained from the physicians and parents/guardians of the subjects.Of a total of 61 subjects, 42 (68.8%) were male and 19 (31.2%) were female (male-female ratio, 2.2:1). The mean age of subjects was 7.3 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.4 to 8.3 days). Of 28 HAstV-positive subjects, 21 (66.7%) were male and seven (33.3%) were female (male-female ratio, 3:1) and their mean age was 7.0 days (95% CI, 5.4 to 8.6 days). HAstV detection rates in male and female subjects were both 70.0% (21 of 30 and 7 of 10, respectively). HAstV was detected in 18 of 25 (72.0%) and 10 of 15 (66.7%) of subjects aged 7 or fewer days and more than 7 days, respectively. This difference was not significant.The epidemic began on 9 October 2008, when a neonate (born 24 September 2008) developed diarrhea. Over the following 4 months, a total of...

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Genomic characterization of human astrovirus type 6 Katano virus and the establishment of a rapid and effective reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to detect all serotypes of human astrovirus

et al. 2000

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We previously reported that human astrovirus type 6 (HAstV T6) was the etiologic agent of a large-scale outbreak of acute gastroenteritis that occurred in 1991 in Katano City, Osaka, Japan [Oishi et al., 1994]. The two representative strains, Katano virus K23 and K24, have been analyzed by sequencing the open reading frame 2 (ORF2) region after amplification by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The ORF2 region of HAstV T6 strains, including K23, was found to be about 20 bp smaller than those of other types. There was 94% nucleotide sequence identity and 95% amino acid sequence identity between K23 and K24, with the Oxford strains belonging to HAstV T6. The high homology of the ORF2 region between the Katano and Oxford strains shows intratype genomic stability, irrespective of time and place of virus isolation. Comparing sequences of ORF2 of different HAstV serotypes, we established a rapid and highly sensitive detection system for HAstV types using RT-PCR with the AC230/AC1' primer set designed from the 5'-terminal end region of ORF2. This RT-PCR system seems very useful in detecting at least two different viruses in a single PCR test tube using AC230/AC1' in addition to the NV81/82, SM82 primer sets. Thus, our rapid and effective detection system may contribute to the epidemiologic characterization of astrovirus infections as well as Norwalk-like viruses.

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Astrovirus‐Associated epidemic gastroenteritis in japan

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

Human viral gastroenteritis

Human viral gastroenteritis

Outbreak of Neonatal Gastroenteritis Associated with Astrovirus Serotype 1 at a Hospital in Inner Mongolia, China

Genomic characterization of human astrovirus type 6 Katano virus and the establishment of a rapid and effective reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to detect all serotypes of human astrovirus

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