Astroglial reaction during the early phase of acute lead toxicity in the adult rat brain

Strużyńska, Lidia; Bubko, Irena; Walski, M; Rafałowska, Urszula

doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00415-2

Cited by 69 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Lead alters the permeability of the mature blood-brain barrier, 31 accumulates in astroglia, 32 which are essential to maintenance of the neuronal environment, especially regarding the excitotoxic neurotransmitter glutamate, and affects glutamate homeostasis. 32,33 Adult lead exposure can produce apoptotic cell death in retinal and hippocampal cells and may interfere with long-term potentiation. 34,35 Lead may alter energy metabolism in mitochondria and synaptosomes, 36 and can interfere with several calcium- vs no ε4 allele).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental lead exposure and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults

Shih¹,

Glass²,

et al. 2006

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental lead exposure and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults

Shih¹,

Glass²,

et al. 2006

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“…Importantly, astrocytes stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines are a major source of chemokines, as well as other bioactive molecules, that can affect bloodbrain barrier integrity, macrophage migration into the brain, and neuronal function (Epstein, 1998;Ge and Pachter, 2004). Astrogliosis is a prominent feature of early HIV-1 infection in the brain (Masliah et al, 1996), and likely serves in the capacity of maintaining neuroprotective functions during disease (Struzynska et al, 2001). Taken together, astrocyte dysfunction may seriously affect neuronal function and viability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathologic and neuroinflammatory activities of HIV‐1‐infected human astrocytes in murine brain

Dou

Morehead

Bradléy

et al. 2006

Glia

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The balance between astrocyte and microglia neuroprotection and neurotoxicity defines the tempo of neuronal dysfunction during HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). Astrocytes maintain brain homeostasis and respond actively to brain damage by providing functional and nutritive neuronal support. In HAD, low-level, continuous infection of astrocytes occurs, but the functional consequences of this infection are poorly understood. To this end, human fetal astrocytes (HFA) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) were infected with HIV-1DJV and HIV-1NL4-3 (neurotropic and lymphotropic strains respectively) and a pseudotyped Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV/HIV-1NL4-3) prior to intracranial injection into the basal ganglia of severe combined immunodeficient mice. Neuropathological and immunohistochemical comparisons for inflammatory and neurotoxic activities were performed amongst the infected cell types at 7 or 14 days. HIV-1-infected MDM induced significant increases in Mac-1, glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, and proinflammatory cytokine RNA and/or protein expression when compared with HSV/HIV-1- and HIV-1-infected HFA and sham-operated mice. Levels of neuron-specific nuclear protein, microtubule-associated protein 2, and neurofilament antigens were reduced significantly in the brain regions injected with human MDM infected with HIV-1DJV or VSV/HIV-1. We conclude that HIV-1 infection of astrocytes leads to limited neurodegeneration, underscoring the early and active role of macrophage-driven neurotoxicity in disease.

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“…Eight genes coding for proteins with antiapoptotic function (GO:0006916) were prominent in the CR, including peroxiredoxin-2, peroxiredoxin-3, and ornithine decarboxylase antizyme. Regional enrichment of these genes may explain the overall resistance of the CR to damage that is initiated by neurotoxic insult (Struzynska et al, 2001). Moreover, in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease peroxiredoxin-2 decreases in the PF, a region that suffers severe neuropathology, whereas peroxiredoxin-2 expression remains unchanged in the CR and presumably provides cytoprotection (Krapfenbauer et al, 2002).…”

Section: Region-enriched Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Application of Behavior Genetics and Microarray Analysis to Identify Regional Expression Themes and Gene–Behavior Associations

Letwin¹,

Kafkafi²,

Benjamini³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

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In this report we link candidate genes to complex behavioral phenotypes by using a behavior genetics approach. Gene expression signatures were generated for the prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, temporal lobe, periaqueductal gray, and cerebellum in eight inbred strains from priority group A of the Mouse Phenome Project. Bioinformatic analysis of regionally enriched genes that were conserved across all strains revealed both functional and structural specialization of particular brain regions. For example, genes encoding proteins with demonstrated anti-apoptotic function were over-represented in the cerebellum, whereas genes coding for proteins associated with learning and memory were enriched in the ventral striatum, as defined by the Expression Analysis Systematic Explorer (EASE) application. Association of regional gene expression with behavioral phenotypes was exploited to identify candidate behavioral genes. Phenotypes that were investigated included anxiety, drug-naive and ethanol-induced distance traveled across a grid floor, and seizure susceptibility. Several genes within the glutamatergic signaling pathway (i.e., NMDA/glutamate receptor subunit 2C, calmodulin, solute carrier family 1 member 2, and glutamine synthetase) were identified in a phenotype-dependent and region-specific manner. In addition to supporting evidence in the literature, many of the genes that were identified could be mapped in silico to surrogate behavior-related quantitative trait loci. The approaches and data set described herein serve as a valuable resource to investigate the genetic underpinning of complex behaviors.

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Astroglial reaction during the early phase of acute lead toxicity in the adult rat brain

Cited by 69 publications

References 31 publications

Environmental lead exposure and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults

Environmental lead exposure and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults

Neuropathologic and neuroinflammatory activities of HIV‐1‐infected human astrocytes in murine brain

Combined Application of Behavior Genetics and Microarray Analysis to Identify Regional Expression Themes and Gene–Behavior Associations

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