Associations of screen time, sedentary time and physical activity with sleep in under 5s: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Janssen, Xanne; Martin, Anne; Hughes, Adrienne; Hill, Catherine M.; Kotronoulas, Grigorios; Hesketh, Kathryn R.

doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2019.101226

Cited by 137 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Because children were experiencing a change as regards their usual daily habits, it was expected to find different sleep times in this study; overall, sleep time variations are normal among children aged between 3 and 7 years (45). However, contrary to expected, sleep time tended to slightly increase during the confinement, even though higher screen time and lower physical activity could have reduced sleep time since the opposite was observed in prior research with children (46,47). However, (48).…”

Section: Sleep Timecontrasting

confidence: 75%

Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Confinement

et al. 2020

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In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) world pandemic, affected countries such as Spain enacted measures comprising compulsory confinement as well as restrictions regarding free movement. Such measures likely influence children's and adolescents' lifestyles. Our study aimed to investigate the impact that the Covid-19 confinement has on health-related behaviors (HRBs) among Spanish children and adolescents. An online survey was administered to 516 parents to collect data about 860 children and adolescents (49.2% girls) aged between 3 and 16 years in relation to physical activity, screen exposure, sleep time, and fruit and vegetable consumption during the Covid-19 confinement. Respectively, t-paired test and t-test between groups served to check differences between HRBs levels before and during the confinement as well as between strict and relaxed confinement. Significant differences were found for a reduction of weekly minutes of physical activity during the confinement (−102.5, SD 159.6) (p < 0.001), an increase of daily hours of screen exposure (2.9, SD 2.1) (p < 0.001), and a reduction of daily fruit and vegetable consumption (−0.2, SD 1.6) (p < 0.001). Sleep time showed a significant difference between strict and relaxed confinement (−0.3, SD 0.1) (p < 0.05), whereas binomial logistic regression adjusted for covariates (age, sex, education of the parents, siblings, current condition, exposure to Covid-19, and previous health risk behavior) showed significantly lower odds for screen exposure risk behavior with relaxed confinement (OR 0.60, 95%CI 0.40-0.91). The present study suggests that Covid-19 confinement reduced physical activity levels, increased both screen exposure and sleep time, and reduced fruit and vegetable consumption. Therefore, most HRBs worsened among this sample of Spanish children and adolescents. Closure of schools, online education, and the lack of López-Bueno et al. Health-Related Behaviors Among Young policies addressing the conciliation between labor and family life could have played an important role in HRBs worsening among pupils, which might be mitigated with adequate conciliation policies, parental guidance, and community support.

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Section: Sleep Timecontrasting

confidence: 75%

Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Confinement

et al. 2020

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“…Another review of 31 studies reported that screen time was associated with poorer sleep outcomes in infants, toddlers, and preschoolers (Janssen et al, 2020). Such psychosocial health outcomes associated with screen time may not depend on the quantity of using the screen only as the quality and contents of screen use may critically impact individuals.…”

Section: Global Evidence On the Association Between Screen Time And Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies during COVID-19 as well as the pre-pandemic era assessed screen time in children and young population (Janssen et al, 2020;Stiglic & Viner, 2019), which can be a research trend attributable to the fact that this population are more vulnerable to increased screen time with lesser self-control and likely to have long-term consequences.…”

Section: Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, people staying at home or closed places spend higher hours on watching television or using digital media for entertainment purposes (AACAP, 2020;Király et al, 2020;UNICEF, 2020). Previous research shows screen time is associated with a wide range of noncommunicable diseases among the vulnerable individuals (Janssen et al, 2020;Kuss & Griffiths, 2012;Lanca & Saw, 2020;Wang, Li, & Fan, 2019). Recent empirical studies suggest a rapid increase of digital screen time in different populations during the COVID-19 pandemic (Carroll et al, 2020;Górnicka, Drywień, Zielinska, & Hamułka, 2020;Hu, Lin, Chiwanda Kaminga, & Xu, 2020;Keel et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digital screen time during COVID-19 pandemic: A public health concern

Sultana¹,

Tasnim²,

Bhattacharya³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The use of digital screens, including television, computers, mobile phones, and smart devices, can be associated with a wide range of health outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, different population groups may have been adapted to varying levels of screen time, which may have profound implications on their health and wellbeing. The available evidence suggests that screen time is associated with obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, myopia, depression, sleep disorders, and many other noncommunicable diseases. This elevated burden of diseases is prevalent among individuals who have sedentary lifestyles and other unhealthy behaviors that are likely to increase during quarantine or isolation due to COVID-19. As several empirical studies have reported a rising trend of screen time during this pandemic, it is critical to assess the adverse health outcomes that may appear as its long-term consequences globally. Researchers and practitioners need to revisit the available guidelines and incorporate evidence-based interventions for preventing unhealthy screen time among the affected individuals. Such interventions may address not only unhealthy screen use behavior but also promote active lifestyles that may improve health across populations during and after this pandemic.

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“…Thus, the time that adolescents spend in front of digital technologies (TV, mobile phones, computers and tablets), has raised a concern since an abusive use may be negatively associated with physical-mental well-being (Knebel et al, 2020;Przybylski and Weinstein, 2017;Przybylski and Weinstein, 2019). Likewise, screen time has also been associated with poorer sleep outcomes in young children and school children (Janssen et al, 2019). In girls it was also associated with a worse diet, although there are studies such as Lyngdoh, Akoijam, Agui and Singh (2019) where no difference was found between screen use and diet type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-healthy and psychosocial differences in school children: A study of gender

González-Valero¹,

Román-Mata²,

Ubago-Jiménez³

et al. 2020

jhse

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This study aims to examine gender differences according to physical-healthy habits, problematic use of video games and self-concept in Primary Education students in Granada. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 577 primary school students in Granada participated. The Questionnaire of Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) was used for the Mediterranean diet adherence variable, the Questionnaire of Experiences Related to Video Games (QERV) was applied to the problematic use of video games, and the self-concept, Five-Factor Self-Concept Questionnaire (AF-5) was used. In addition, the Body Mass Index (BMI) was measured and a self-registration sheet was used to record the age and gender of the individuals, daily hours of physical activity, hours of using digital screens and hours of sleeping. Main results and conclusions of the study, it should be noted that men have higher levels of regular physical activity, problematic use of video games, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical and family self-concept. While females show higher levels of body mass index and academic, social and emotional self-concept. Males showed that greater participation in physical-sports activities was associated with better adherence to the Mediterranean diet, levels of self-concept and fewer hours of sleep. In this sense, it should be noted that the females showed that the greater the practice of physical activity the lower the family self-concept. In addition, it was found that, in general, an adequate intake of the Mediterranean diet favours self-concept, while when this is low, the use of problematic video games is encouraged.

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Associations of screen time, sedentary time and physical activity with sleep in under 5s: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 137 publications

References 59 publications

Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Confinement

Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Confinement

Digital screen time during COVID-19 pandemic: A public health concern

Physical-healthy and psychosocial differences in school children: A study of gender

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