Associations between maternal socioeconomic, psychosocial and seasonal factors, infant characteristics and human milk cortisol concentrations

Lindberg, Matti; Nolvi, Saara; Härkönen, Juho; Aatsinki, Anna-Katariina; Karlsson, Linnéa; Karlsson, Hasse; Uusitupa, Henna-Maria

doi:10.1002/ajhb.23561

Cited by 14 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Previous studies, including one from our group, have shown that GC levels in human milk follow a typical diurnal pattern, mirroring GC levels in saliva [ 7 , 8 ]. There is some evidence suggesting that GCs through human milk may be important for metabolism, neurodevelopment and immunity [ 9 ], although the evidence is not unequivocal [ 7 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GC composition in human milk may be influenced by various factors, including maternal stress, weight, educational status and parity [ 9 , 11 , 12 ]. Studies addressing the relation between maternal stress and GC levels in human milk are scarce [ 9 ]. Chronic maternal stress, as seen in depressive and anxiety disorders, may be accompanied by changes in HPA axis activity, although the direction of association is not clear [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

et al. 2021

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Background: Chronic stress is often accompanied by alterations in the diurnal rhythm of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal activity. However, there are limited data on the diurnal rhythmicity of breast milk glucocorticoids (GCs) among women with psychological distress. We compared mothers who sought consultation at an expertise center for pregnant women with an increased risk of psychological distress with control mothers for GC diurnal rhythmicity in milk and saliva obtained at the same time. Methods: We included 19 mothers who sought consultation at the psychiatry–obstetric–pediatric (POP) outpatient clinic and 44 control mothers. One month postpartum, mothers collected on average eight paired milk and saliva samples during a 24 h period. GC levels were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. GC rhythmicity parameters were determined with specialized software. Results: For both milk and saliva, no group differences regarding GC rhythms were found. Milk cortisol area under the curve with respect to the ground was lower in the POP group than in the control group (p = 0.02). GC levels in human milk and saliva were highly correlated within each group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although there were no differences between groups in GC rhythmicity, the total amount of milk cortisol was lower in the POP group. Long-term follow-up is needed to address the impact of vertical transmission of breast milk GCs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

et al. 2021

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“…Similar to maternal melatonin, cortisol in breast milk circulates from the maternal plasma and follows the same diurnal variation found in plasma and saliva [ 119 , 135 ]. Human milk cortisol levels vary based on season and psychological distress [ 136 , 137 ]. Data from rodent studies have established that ingested glucocorticoids diffuse from the neonatal intestines into the plasma and brain [ 138 ].…”

Section: Factors Influencing Circadian Development In Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the circadian system in early life: maternal and environmental factors

Wong

Wright

Spencer

et al. 2022

J Physiol Anthropol

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In humans, an adaptable internal biological system generates circadian rhythms that maintain synchronicity of behavior and physiology with the changing demands of the 24-h environment. Development of the circadian system begins in utero and continues throughout the first few years of life. Maturation of the clock can be measured through sleep/wake patterns and hormone secretion. Circadian rhythms, by definition, can persist in the absence of environmental input; however, their ability to adjust to external time cues is vital for adaptation and entrainment to the environment. The significance of these external factors that influence the emergence of a stable circadian clock in the first years of life remain poorly understood. Infants raised in our post-modern world face adverse external circadian signals, such as artificial light and mistimed hormonal cues via breast milk, which may increase interference with the physiological mechanisms that promote circadian synchronization. This review describes the very early developmental stages of the clock and common circadian misalignment scenarios that make the developing circadian system more susceptible to conflicting time cues and temporal disorder between the maternal, fetal, infant, and peripheral clocks.

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“…Many mothers with postpartum depression have poor parenting and childcare skills due to low maternal attachment and sensitivity levels, which are acknowledged risk factors for impairment in cognitive, socioemotional, and behavioural development in children 19,22‐25 . Psychosocial (household income, educational attainment, and partner support for childcare) and personal factors (maternal age, parity, drinking and smoking habits, child's sex and development and a history of depression) have been identified as risk factors for postpartum depression 26‐30 . Although maternal postpartum depression directly affects child health and behavioural development, 19,22‐25 the impact of maternal postpartum depression on child toothbrushing behaviour remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of maternal postpartum depression on children’s toothbrushing frequency

Tsuchiya

Momma

et al. 2021

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objectives: Daily toothbrushing behaviour is very effective for the prevention of early childhood dental caries (ECC), but is mostly dependent upon parental management. Intrapersonal association between lower toothbrushing frequency and depression is well known; however, the impact of maternal postpartum depression on child toothbrushing behaviour within the mother-child dyad remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the prevalence of maternal postpartum depression and lower toothbrushing frequency in children aged two years. Methods:A secondary analysis of a data set from the Japan Environment and Children's Study was performed. A total of 104 062 fetuses were enrolled after obtaining informed written parental consent, in which 84 533 mother-infant pairs were included after applying exclusion criteria. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to evaluate maternal postpartum depression (a total score of ≥9 in EPDS) at one and six months postpartum. Indeed, the participants were classified based on the persistence of postpartum depression: 'Resilient' (no prevalence); 'Improving' (prevalence only at one month postpartum); 'Emergent' (prevalence only at six months postpartum); and 'Chronic' (prevalence at both time points). The association between postpartum depression and a toothbrushing frequency in children (the reference group: more than once per day, the low group: once per day, and the very-low group: less than once per day) was examined using Poisson regression models with adjustments for maternal and child characteristics after multiple imputations for missing data. Results:The prevalence of maternal postpartum depression at one and six months postpartum was 13.9% and 11.4%, respectively; the proportions of each persistence group were 81.1% ('Resilient'), 7.5% ('Improving'), 5.0% ('Emergent') and 6.4% ('Chronic'). Concerning children's toothbrushing frequency, 51.6% and 0.5% of participants self-reported frequencies of once per day and less than once per day, respectively. The association of maternal postpartum depression with a lower toothbrushing frequency in children consistently had higher relative risks (RRs). However, | 301 TSUCHIYA eT Al. the Environment's Institutional Review Board on Epidemiological Studies (No. 100 406 001), and by the Ethics Committees of all participating institutions (ie

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Associations between maternal socioeconomic, psychosocial and seasonal factors, infant characteristics and human milk cortisol concentrations

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

The Association between Maternal Stress and Glucocorticoid Rhythmicity in Human Milk

Development of the circadian system in early life: maternal and environmental factors

Influence of maternal postpartum depression on children’s toothbrushing frequency

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