Associations among Bone Mineral Density, Physical Activity and Nutritional Intake in Middle-Aged Women with High Levels of Arterial Stiffness: A Pilot Study

Abstract

There is little consensus regarding the impacts of physical activity and nutrient intake on bone mineral density (BMD) in subjects with high or low levels of arterial stiffness. This study was performed to investigate whether physical activity and nutrient intake are associated with BMD in middle-aged women with high levels of arterial stiffness. The study population consisted of middle-aged women aged 40-64 years (n = 22). BMD was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) was used as an indicator of arterial stiffness. Subjects were divided into two groups by median cf-PWV. Physical activity in free-living conditions was evaluated using a triaxial accelerometer. Nutrient intake was also measured using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. In the High-PWV group, BMD showed a significant negative correlation with age. Using a partial correlation model, BMD was associated with the number of steps and unsaturated fatty acid intake in the High-PWV group. These results suggest that BMD in middle-aged women with high levels of arterial stiffness may be associated with both the number of steps and nutritional intake. Recommendations of physical activity and nutritional intake for the prevention of osteopenia should include consideration of arterial stiffness.

Dietary inflammation index and osteoarthritis in the elderly: is there a mediating role of physical activity?

“…In this study, low PA was found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of OA. In addition, elevated DII was significantly associated with low PA (43) . Therefore, our results indicated that individuals with elevated levels of systemic inflammation may be less likely to exercise moderately or vigorously every week than those without.…”

Associations of habitual physical activity and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

“…Sample size varied from 22 to 5184 with an average of n = 862 ± 1379. Overall the combined sample from included studies was 54% male, with two studies including only females [ 39 , 47 ] and seven including only male participants [ 33 – 35 , 38 , 48 – 50 ]. Mean age varied from 21 to 78 years (overall mean 51 ± 7.3 years).…”

“…Fifteen studies measured hPA exposure using accelerometers [ 28 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 49 , 51 – 55 ], and 16 measured hPA via self-report questionnaire or interview [ 27 , 30 , 34 – 36 , 38 – 40 , 42 , 43 , 46 , 48 , 50 , 56 – 58 ]. Two studies [ 30 , 36 ] utilised both self-report and accelerometer to measure hPA reporting results separately.…”

“…The most commonly used device (n = 16) was the “SphygmoCor” (ATCor Medical, Australia) [ 27 , 28 , 30 , 33 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 – 46 , 48 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 57 , 58 ]. 18 studies reported the mean baseline cfPWV in the cohort, ranging from 5.2m/s [ 53 ] to 10.71 m/s [ 47 ] with an overall mean cfPWV of 8.33 m/s.…”

Arterial stiffness, vascular calcification and osteoporosis — common mechanisms of interaction (literature review)

“…дозволяють припустити, що МЩКТ у жінок середнього віку з високим рівнем артеріальної жорсткості може бути пов'язана як з низькою фізичною активністю, так і з особливостями споживання ненасичених жирних кислот. Рекомендації щодо фізичної активності та харчування для профілактики порушень МЩКТ, ймовірно, повинні враховувати жорсткість артерій [57].…”