Association of Functional Ability and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia With Urinary Incontinence in Older Korean Men

Abstract

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and analyze its association with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in community-dwelling older men in Korea.Methods:This study was a secondary analysis of data from the Actual Living Condition of the Elderly and Welfare Need Survey conducted in the year 2008. Data was subjected to hierarchical logistic regression analysis to examine the association of IADL and BPH with UI in older men, entering IADL and BPH in model 1, and age, body mass index (BMI) and education in model 2, and then comorbidities and walking speed in model 3.Results:Of 6,185 men, 243 (3.9%) had self-reported UI. The prevalence of UI was 1.8% in men aged 60–64 years and 11.7% in those aged 85 years and above, indicating an increase in the prevalence of UI with their age. IADL and BPH remained the only significant factors associated with UI in model 1 (odds ratio [OR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44–1.64 and OR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.47–5.10, respectively), model 2 (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.40–1.61 and OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.42–5.07), and model 3 (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.32–1.54 and OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.36–4.90).Conclusions:IADL limitations and presence of BPH were associated with UI in older men after controlling for BMI, education, comorbidities, and walking speed. Thus, UI should be assessed in older Korean men with IADL decline and BPH. Gender-sensitive interventions to attenuate IADL limitations and manage BPH should be developed and applied to improve UI in older men.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence among the elderly and relationship with physical and mental health indicators

“…The self-reported prevalence of UI by the elderly was 36.3% in women and 17.0% in men in a study carried out in Florianópolis (Santa Catarina) 8 , 26.2% in women and 11.8% in men in São Paulo (São Paulo) 6 , 69.5% in women and 30.5% in men in Uberaba (Minas Gerais) 10 , and 31.1% in women and 23.2% in men in Montes Claros (Minas Gerais) 17 . In a study in Korea with people 60 years of age or older, UI was reported in 6.5% of women 15 and 3.9% of men 18 . And in the USA, in a study with women and men aged 50 years or older, the prevalence of UI was 19.8 and 6.4%, respectively 7 .…”

“…This variability can also be explained by the adoption of different definitions for UI or even different methodologies 6 . It can also be attributed to cultural differences between regions in how UI is perceived by older adults 18 .…”

“…Specialized literature shows that the factors associated with its occurrence are: the female gender and advanced age [6][7][8] , non-Caucasian ethnicity 9 and the lack of or low levels of schooling [8][9][10] . Studies have shown UI as associated with diseases such as: infection of the urinary tract 11 , arterial hypertension 12 , diabetes mellitus 6,[12][13][14] , a history of cardiac disease 4 , obesity 4,6,10 , strokes 6,8,13,15 , respiratory problems 8,15 , depression 6 , cognitive deficit 16 , arthritis 12 , arthrosis/rheumatism 17 , prostatic hyperplasia 18 , a history of falls 4,17 , functional limitations, limited mobility or dependence 6,8,11,14,16,18 , comorbidity 19 and frailty 17 . in addition to these conditions, UI may be associated with lifestyle habits such as sedentiarism 20 .…”

Perfil Sociodemográfico E Clínico De Pacientes Com Incontinência Urinária – Um Estudo De Caso Em Maringa- Pr

“…No entanto, o diagnóstico que determina o tipo de IU, que o individuo apresenta, pode ser difícil de ser estabelecido em alguns casos. Portanto para a investigação dessa condição, utilizam-se os seguintes recursos: anamnese, questionários de qualidade de vida, diário urinário, pad test, exame físico, estudo urodinâmico, sendo que este último pode permitir diagnóstico preciso (PARK & HONG, 2016). No presente estudo, apenas foi realizada a anamnese, pois é de fácil aplicabilidade.…”

“…Entretanto, essa definição não leva em consideração a grande variação desse sintoma e a interferência causada na vida dos indivíduos incontinentes (ARAÚJO et al, 2015). A incontinência urinária (IU) pode ser classificada em quatro grupos: Incontinência Urinária de Esforço (IUE) definida como perda involuntária de urina ao esforço ou exercício, ou ao espirrar ou tossir; Incontinência Urinária de Urgência (IUU) sendo entendida como a perda involuntária de urina acompanhada, ou imediatamente precedida, por urgência de urinar; Incontinência Urinária Mista (IUM), disfunção que apresenta associação dos sintomas da IUE e IUU; e Incontinência Urinária Inconsciente (IUI) que é a perda de urina sem urgência ou reconhecimento consciente do extravasamento (CAVALCANTE et al, 2014;SUMARDI et al, 2016;PARK & HONG, 2016).…”