Association of dietary intake and BMI among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients attending diabetic clinics in Kampala

Matovu, Nicholas; Matovu, Flavia; Sseguya, Wenceslaus; Tushemerirwe, Florence

doi:10.1186/s40795-017-0141-7

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…In the adjusted analysis, a higher carbohydrate intake was significantly associated with lower BMI in the present study. Contrary to our study, another study from Uganda reported the association between higher intake of carbohydrates and higher BMI [ 23 ]. However, substantial evidence revealed an inverse relationship of carbohydrate intake with BMI and waist circumference, similar to our study results [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Median intakes of nutrients were presented along with two-sided p values for Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests of significance. Moreover, to establish the associations between dietary intakes and anthropometric measurements (BMI, waist circumference, and WHR as continuous variables), energy-adjusted measures of nutrient intakes (proteins, carbohydrates, and fats) were applied through nutrient density models [ 23 ]. Additionally, carbohydrate intake (energy-adjusted) was used for this analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dietary Intake across Reproductive Life Stages of Women in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey from 4 Districts of India

Sharma

Akhtar

Singh

et al. 2020

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Nutritional deficiencies among women of reproductive age, especially from socially backward classes, are widely prevalent in India. The present study aimed to assess the nutrient intakes and analyse their associations with sociodemographic attributes among socially backward adolescent girls, newly married women, pregnant women, and lactating mothers from four districts of India. Further, the study looked at the associations between nutrient intakes and anthropometric measurements (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference; and waist-hip ratio, WHR) among adolescents and newly married women. This community-based cross-sectional study used the 24-hour recall method of the dietary survey to assess the food intake of women and girls. Nonparametric tests of associations between sociodemographic characteristics and the median nutrient intakes were conducted. Expected and observed increments in energy and nutrient intakes of pregnant and lactating women from the base (requirement of an adult woman) were calculated. A total of 477 pregnant women, 455 lactating mothers, 532 newly married women, and 223 adolescent girls were interviewed. According to the 24-h dietary recall, only 35% of adolescent girls, 57% newly married women, 40% pregnant women, and 34% lactating mothers were able to meet 70% of the recommended energy requirements. A large percentage of pregnant women had less than 50% of the recommended intakes of iron, calcium, and folic acid. Women living in nuclear families, urban slums, and those from backward classes had lower intakes of almost all the nutrients compared to their counterparts (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the nutrient intakes of adolescents, newly married, pregnant, and lactating women, and all had poor dietary intakes. We found positive relationships of all three anthropometric measurements (BMI, waist circumference, and WHR) with fats and inverse associations with carbohydrates. Public health interventions should work towards improving the nutrition of these vulnerable populations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake across Reproductive Life Stages of Women in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey from 4 Districts of India

Sharma

Akhtar

Singh

et al. 2020

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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“…According to the findings of the present study, both BMI and HbA 1C were associated with carbohydrate intake. This fact has been well reported in most of the investigations carried out among the diabetic population (Haimoto et al, 2009; Matovu et al, 2017; Haimoto et al, 2018; Yamakawa et al, 2019). Increasing evidence suggests that carbohydrate is the most important determinant of postprandial blood glucose levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Interventions to maintain optimal body mass index (BMI), glycemic control, and insulin resistance are the cornerstones of the management of T2DM. Several prospective studies carried out in different settings in other countries have reported various associations of dietary intake with BMI and the glycemic state as assessed via HbA 1C and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration in patients with T2DM (Lee et al, 2012; Velázquez‐López et al, 2016; Matovu et al, 2017). However, data focused on dietary intake and its' associations with BMI and glycemic profile in diabetic patients is still unexplored in Sri Lanka.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of dietary intake with body mass index and glycemic profile among newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Wasana

Attanayake

Weerarathna

et al. 2023

American J Hum Biol

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Introduction Dietary intake plays an important role in determining body mass index (BMI) and glycemic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our aim was to describe habitual dietary intake and its associations with BMI and glycemic profile in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed T2DM in Sri Lanka. Methods A cross‐sectional study was carried out among 158 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM in Galle, Sri Lanka. Data on demographic, lifestyle, and family history of diabetes mellitus, and clinical measures were collected. The dietary information was collected using a 24‐h dietary recall. Results Among the total number of study subjects, only 12.0%, 5.7% and 1.3% met the recommended daily consumption value of protein, fat, and fiber, respectively, whereas 99.4% of subjects had taken carbohydrates that exceeded the recommended consumption. There was a positive association between carbohydrate intake and BMI (0.004, [0.002], p = .048) and carbohydrate intake and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) (0.001, [0.000], p = .049). Fat intake showed positive associations with BMI (0.029, [0.011], p = .006) and HbA1C (0.005, [0.002], p = .050). Protein intake showed a positive association with HbA1C (0.006, [0.003], p = .023). The aforementioned associations were observed after adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and history of diabetes among the first‐degree family members. The carbohydrate intake was positively associated with BMI (0.010, [0.003], p = .003) and HbA1C (0.001, [0.000], p = .050) with further adjustment in nutrient intake (except when used as an independent variable). Furthermore, the fat intake was associated with BMI (0.031, [0.011], p = .004) and HbA1C (0.005 [0.002], p = .050) with additional adjustments. Conclusions The diet of the majority of newly diagnosed T2DM patients in this cohort consisted of a higher carbohydrate intake than the recommended level. However, they did not meet the recommended daily intake of protein, fat, and fiber. Both carbohydrate and fat intake were significantly and positively associated with BMI and HbA1C in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.

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“…Evidence in Uganda shows a high rate of overweight among T2DM patients. 8 Unfortunately, the specific composition of this bodyweight remains largely unknown. We are unsure whether it is fat mass or fat-free mass compartments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body composition of type 2 diabetes patients in Uganda: A case-control study

Buyinza

Nsamba

Muyingo

et al. 2023

J. Public Health Afr.

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Introduction: The prevalence of obesity among people diag-nosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been widely documented. However, the specific composition of this body-weight remains largely unknown. The study aimed to understand the body composition of T2DM patients using the bioelectric impedance analysis technique, comparing findings to sex and age-matched controls. Materials and Methods: A comparative case-control study was carried out among 139 known cases of Type 2 diabetes aged 18 to 78 years randomly sampled from the diabetic clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. We matched them to 139 hos-pital controls who were healthy non-diabetic attendants. Body composition parameters were computed and summarized as medi-ans and interquartile ranges. Differences in the medians of body composition parameters were further assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Fat-free and fat mass indices were derived to offer a precise estimation of body composition parameters adjusted for height differences among study participants. Results: Cases had significantly higher median systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), total fat percentage, fat mass amount, Fat Mass Index, visceral fat, and metabolic age than their counterparts, whereas controls had significantly higher median total body water percentage versus cases. The highest significant differences occurred in fat percentage composition (Cases: β: 6.9 (95% C.I: 4.4, 9.4); Controls: Ref) followed by visceral fat (Cases: β: 3.5 (95% C.I: 2.5, 4.4); controls: Ref) and Fat Mass Index (Cases: 95% C.I: 2.6 (95% C.I: 1.6, 3.7). Cases had significantly higher Fat Mass Index, visceral fat and fat percentage (all p<0.05) than con-trols. Conclusions: Routine assessment of body composition of T2DM patients needs to be done to assess the amount, type and pattern of weight gain to prevent increases in adiposity.

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Association of dietary intake and BMI among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients attending diabetic clinics in Kampala

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Dietary Intake across Reproductive Life Stages of Women in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey from 4 Districts of India

Dietary Intake across Reproductive Life Stages of Women in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey from 4 Districts of India

Association of dietary intake with body mass index and glycemic profile among newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Body composition of type 2 diabetes patients in Uganda: A case-control study

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