Association of Birth During the COVID-19 Pandemic With Neurodevelopmental Status at 6 Months in Infants With and Without In Utero Exposure to Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Shuffrey, Lauren C.; Firestein, Morgan R.; Kyle, Margaret H.; Fields, Andrea; Alcántara, Carmela; Amso, Dima; Austin, Judy; Bain, Jennifer; Barbosa, Jennifer; Bence, Mary; Bianco, Catherine; Fernández, C. Rodríguez; Goldman, Sylvie; Gyamfi-Bannerman, Cynthia; Hott, Violet; Hu, Yunzhe; Hussain, Maha; Factor-Litvak, Pam; Lucchini, Maristella; Mandel, Arthur; Marsh, Rachel; McBrian, Danielle; Mourad, Mirella; Muhle, Rebecca; Noble, Kimberly G.; Penn, Anna A.; Rodríguez, Cynthia; Sania, Ayesha; Silver, Wendy; O’Reilly, Kally C.; Stockwell, Melissa S.; Tottenham, Nim; Welch, Martha G.; Zork, Noelia; Fifer, William P.; Monk, Catherine; Dumitriu, Dani

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.5563

Cited by 165 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Early signals of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3-6 months, 1 year, and 1.5 years in infants and children exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero, and/or born during the COVID-19 pandemic are emerging [37][38][39][40][41]. A longitudinal cohort study of 57 infants with prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in China identified deficits in the social-emotional domain of neurodevelopmental testing at 3 months of age [40].…”

Section: Early Evidence Of Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Chi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in pregnancy: implications for fetal brain development

Shook

Sullivan

et al. 2022

Trends in Molecular Medicine

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The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy on the developing fetal brain is poorly understood. Other antenatal infections such as influenza have been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. Although vertical transmission has been rarely observed in SARS-CoV-2 to date, given the potential for profound maternal immune activation, impact on the developing fetal brain is likely. Here we review evidence that SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections during pregnancy can result in maternal, placental and fetal immune activation, and ultimately in offspring neurodevelopmental morbidity. Finally, we highlight the need for cellular models of fetal brain development to better understand potential short- and long-term impacts of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on the next generation.

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Section: Early Evidence Of Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Chi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in pregnancy: implications for fetal brain development

Shook

Sullivan

et al. 2022

Trends in Molecular Medicine

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“…A recent, larger study compared 114 infants exposed to SARS‐CoV‐2 in utero with 141 infants not exposed to SARS‐CoV‐2 but also born during the pandemic. 103 There were no differences on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition at 6 months of age as a function of infection status, timing during gestation, or severity of maternal illness. However, when these groups were compared with historical controls born before the pandemic, both groups born during the pandemic had significantly decreased gross motor, fine motor, and personal‐social Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition scores.…”

Section: Role Of the Brain Developmental Stagementioning

confidence: 83%

Neurological effects of COVID‐19 in infants and children

Stafstrom

2022

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Neurological manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in children are becoming increasingly apparent as the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic continues. While children manifest relatively milder features of the disease, accumulating evidence warrants concern that COVID‐19 exacts both acute‐ and long‐term effects on the developing central and peripheral nervous systems. This review focuses on the relatively underinvestigated topic of the effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 on the brain in infancy and childhood, concluding that clinicians should be attentive to both the acute effects and long‐term consequences of COVID‐19 from a neurological perspective.

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“…There has been little previous work in this area to date [42]. A study has shown that in utero exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection is not associated with neurodevelopmental outcome at age 6 months [11], and another study has shown that newborns exposed in utero to SARS-CoV-2 have largely normal neurological development in the first few months of life. There is an ongoing multicenter observational study currently recruiting that also aims to review neurodevelopmental outcomes at six months [43], although longer-term follow-up is required to provide a more accurate picture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although most neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infections have mild disease, the impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes is currently unknown. It has been shown that birth during the COVID-19 pandemic, but not in utero exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, is associated with neurodevelopmental outcome differences at age 6 months [11]. Another study has shown that newborns exposed in utero to SARS-CoV-2 have largely normal neurological development in the first few months of life [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus infection in neonates: Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of age

Ayed¹,

Alsaffar

Bahzad

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Although most neonates with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have mild disease, the impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes is unknown. This study aimed to assess 18-month neurodevelopmental outcomes of neonates infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of neonates diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection between June to August 2020 through nasopharyngeal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) PCR testing. A total of 58 neonates were identified from the Kuwait national COVID-19 registry and were enrolled. Historical controls were selected from the neonatal follow-up registry and matched 2:1 based on sex and gestational age. At 18 months of age, neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-3rd Edition (BSID-III) by two trained assessors. Results: A total of 40 children were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and included in the final analysis. The median age at infection was 18 days (range: 10-26 days). Eighteen (45%) were asymptomatic, 15 (37.5%) had a sepsis-like presentation, 5 (12.5%) had respiratory distress and 2 (5%) had a multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)-like presentation. At 18 months follow up, only one child had severe developmental delay, and one child had a language delay. BSID-III outcomes did not significantly differ between the SARS-CoV-2 infected group and the control group. Conclusions: There is no difference in neurodevelopmental outcomes in children infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection at 18 months compared to controls, although longer neurodevelopmental follow-up studies are required.

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Association of Birth During the COVID-19 Pandemic With Neurodevelopmental Status at 6 Months in Infants With and Without In Utero Exposure to Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Cited by 165 publications

References 72 publications

COVID-19 in pregnancy: implications for fetal brain development

COVID-19 in pregnancy: implications for fetal brain development

Neurological effects of COVID‐19 in infants and children

Coronavirus infection in neonates: Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of age

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