Association of adverse childhood experiences with diabetes in adulthood: results of a cross-sectional epidemiological survey in Singapore

Subramaniam, Mythily; Abdin, Edimansyah; Vaingankar, Janhavi Ajit; Chang, Sherilyn; Sambasivam, Rajeswari; Jeyagurunathan, Anitha; Seow, Lee Seng Esmond; Dam, Rob M. van; Chow, Wai Leng; Chong, Siow Ann

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045167

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Furthermore, Amemiya et al [ 24 ] found that fear of a family member was significantly associated with diabetes in Japan (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.15-1.76), but not in Finland (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.95-1.33). Subramaniam et al [ 29 ] found that the association between bullying and diabetes was not statistically significant (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 0.70-12.8), whereas Thomas et al [ 30 ] found humiliation was not associated with T2DM (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.74-1.80). Alastalo et al [ 31 ] mentioned that war evacuees and separation from parents were associated with T2DM (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.10-1.90).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhu

Shan

et al. 2022

J Glob Health

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Background The association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify the association between the number and types of ACEs and diabetes during adulthood based on available observational studies. Methods A comprehensive literature search of studies exploring the association between ACEs and diabetes was conducted in PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases until 15 April 2022. A random-effects model was used to pool odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the number and types of ACEs with diabetes. Regarding the association between the number of ACEs and diabetes, we used funnel plots to examine publication bias, subgroup analysis to explore sources of heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis to explore the robustness of the pooled results. Results A total of 49 studies were included. Individuals with higher continuous ACEs (per each additional ACE: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02-1.10), any ACE (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.16-1.28), or ≥4 ACEs (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.27-1.63) were at an increased risk of diabetes in adulthood when compared with individuals without ACEs. Across specific ACE types, childhood economic adversity (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04-1.19), physical abuse (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.07-1.21), sexual abuse (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.12-1.39), verbal abuse (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.03-1.20), and incarceration (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.03-1.45) were associated with diabetes. However, neglect, emotional abuse, domestic violence, parental divorce or separation, parental death, and living with a family member with substance abuse or mental disorders were not significantly associated with diabetes. Conclusions Individuals with ACEs may have a cumulative risk for diabetes in adulthood. It is critical to prevent ACEs and build resilience in individuals affected by ACEs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhu

Shan

et al. 2022

J Glob Health

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“…However, several properties support its use in the assessment of relative resilience. Specifically, the MCS score is widely used as an indicator of psychological functioning in the general population and has been shown to be negatively associated with the ACE score in various populations, 70–72 as well as in the current study, rendering the regression of ACE on MCS meaningful. As the assessment of relative resilience by the residuals approach is relatively innovative, efforts to standardize its calculation could mitigate some of its limitations and render comparisons across studies easier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Neural correlates of perceived and relative resilience in male and female patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Kilpatrick,

Gupta,

Tillisch

et al. 2023

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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BackgroundPatients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) show lower resilience than healthy controls (HCs), associated with greater symptom severity and worse quality of life. However, little is known about affected markers of resilience or the influence of sex. Furthermore, as resilience is complex, a comprehensive assessment, with multiple resilience measures, is needed. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate perceived and relative resilience and their neural correlates in men and women with IBS.MethodsIn 402 individuals (232 IBS [73.3% women] and 170 HCs [61.2% women]), perceived resilience was assessed by the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRISC) and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS); relative resilience was assessed by the standardized residual of the Short Form‐12 mental component summary score predicted by the Adverse Childhood Experiences score. Non‐rotated partial least squares analysis of region‐to‐region resting‐state connectivity data was used to define resilience‐related signatures in HCs. Disease and sex‐related differences within these signatures were investigated.Key ResultsScores on all resilience measures were lower in IBS than in HCs (p's < 0.05). In all three resilience‐related signatures, patients with IBS showed reduced connectivity largely involving the central autonomic network (p's < 0.001). Men with IBS showed lower CDRISC scores than women with IBS, and greater reductions in CDRISC‐related connectivity, associated with worse symptom severity (p < 0.05).Conclusions and InferencesIndividuals with IBS show reduced perceived and relative resilience, with reduced connectivity suggesting impaired homeostasis maintenance. Men with IBS may show additional impairment in specific aspects of resilience. Treatments aimed at improving resilience may benefit patients with IBS, especially men with IBS.

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“…A study conducted in China on middle-aged and old Chinese subjects showed that hunger, unfavored socioeconomic status during childhood, and parental abuse were significantly associated with the development of T2DM and cardiovascular diseases [ 11 ]. Another study conducted in Singapore indicated that childhood emotional neglect, parental separation, divorce, the death of a parent, having one or two ACEs, and young age were significantly associated with higher odds of diabetes [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experience as a Risk Factor for Developing Type 2 Diabetes among the Jazan Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2023

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Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), such as childhood abuse, neglect, and family dysfunction, prevent appropriate emotional, behavioral, and physical development. They are also a major public health issue, and have been debatably linked to chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, and various theories have been raised to explain the epidemiology of diabetes. However, few studies have discussed the relationship between ACEs and T2DM. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association between ACEs and T2DM in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire distributed among patients with T2DM in a diabetes center. The t-test and Chi-Square test were used for comparison, and the p-value was set at <0.05 for significance. Results: A total of 579 participants were involved in this study, and 303 (52.33%) were female. Among the included participants, 45.25% were diagnosed with T2DM. About 28.71% of participants with diabetes experienced verbal abuse, 16.09% experienced physical abuse, and 30.91% reported that parents beat them. Additionally, 1.58% of participants with diabetes reported living with a family member who abused substances, 8.83% believed that no one would take them to the doctor even if essential, 12.62% of participants with diabetes felt that no one would protect them, and 23.03% reported that they felt no one in their family loved them. All reported ACEs were significantly associated with a high risk of T2DM (p < 0.05), and the more frequent the ACEs, the more the risk of T2DM (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: This study indicated that ACEs are significantly associated with the development of T2DM, and the risk increases with the frequency of ACEs, which aligns with other studies. Further national studies are required to understand how ACEs could contribute to T2DM, and preventive interventions in childhood must be considered to reduce the burden of T2DM.

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Association of adverse childhood experiences with diabetes in adulthood: results of a cross-sectional epidemiological survey in Singapore

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Neural correlates of perceived and relative resilience in male and female patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Adverse Childhood Experience as a Risk Factor for Developing Type 2 Diabetes among the Jazan Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

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