Association between the dietary inflammatory index and bone markers in postmenopausal women

Abstract

Introduction The health problem of postmenopausal women is emerging as an important problem due to the increased aging population. This study investigated the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and bone markers in postmenopausal women. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 132 postmenopausal women aged 45–70 years. The DII score was calculated using the 3-day food records and divided into tertiles according to the DII score. The lifestyle factors that could affect bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women were investigated and included the EuroQol- 5 Dimension (EQ-5D), physical activity, and eating habits. Skeletal muscle index-weight (SMIw) was used to evaluate skeletal muscle mass, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP), and phosphorus (P) measured as bone biomarkers. The BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the association between anthropometric, biochemistry, BMD, and DII was assessed. Results In the anti-inflammatory group, a high intake of fiber, vitamins, and minerals was observed. After adjusting for confound factors, with higher DII score, percent body fat increased (β = 0.168, p = 0.012), and SMIw decreased linear regression analysis (β = −0.329, p = 0.037, respectively). For biochemistry, confound factors were adjusted, with higher DII score, ALP, BSALP and P decreased and DII score increased (β = −0.057, p = 0.002, β = −0.167, p = 0.004, β = −1.799, p = 0.026, respectively). The relationship between DII and BMD was not significant, but osteopenia increased as DII score increased. Conclusion The low DII score is positively associated with low body fat, high muscle mass, elevated bone markers, and low risk of osteopenia.

Is there any association between dietary inflammatory index and quality of life? A systematic review

“…The study population of included studies were as follow: knee osteoarthritis ( n = 1) ( 28 ), asthma ( n = 1) ( 29 ), MS ( n = 1) ( 30 ), hemodialysis patients ( n = 1) ( 31 ), women with obesity or overweight ( n = 1) ( 32 ), postmenopausal women ( n = 1) ( 33 ), healthy people ( n = 2) ( 34 , 35 ). The details of each study are summarized in Table 1 .…”

“…Different questionnaires were used to assess QOL across the studies including Child and adult version of the Child Health Utility-9D ( 35 ), Short-Form 36 (SF-36) ( 28 , 31 , 32 ), Short-Form 12 (SF-12) ( 34 ), EuroQOL-5D (EQ-5D) ( 33 ), Asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ) ( 29 ) and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life (MSQOL-54) ( 30 ).…”

“…The population of studies were over 20 years of age, except for one research on children aged 11-12 (35). Of 8 included studies, 2 were randomized controlled trial (RCT) using the anti-inflammatory diets as the intervention for 10 (29) and 12 (30) weeks (see Table 1) and 6 articles were cross-sectional in design (28,(31)(32)(33)(34)(35).…”

“…Using the NOS checklist, it was determined that four crosssectional studies had a high risk of bias (28,(31)(32)(33) and two of them had a low risk of bias (34,35). Jadad's checklist also showed that all interventional studies had superior quality (29,30).…”

Higher modified dietary inflammatory index is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis in US adults: Data from NHANES

“…Processed foods are not only convenient and nutritious but also improve bioavailability of isoflavones, the utilization of minerals, and enhance the production of MK-7. However, they contain large quantities of phosphorus, sodium, and “hidden” sugars, which are associated with OP ( 18 , 19 ).…”