Association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Stroke: A cross-sectional Study

Interactive effects of Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index with Body Mass Index for the risk of stroke among U.S. adults: insight from NHANES 2001–2018

“…Mao et al ( 12 ) identified a distinct change in this relationship: below a CDAI level of −1.55, each unit increase in CDAI corresponded to a 20% reduction in stroke incidence, but above this level, the correlation ceased. Similarly, Wang et al ( 10 ) found that below a CDAI of −2.99, there was a significant negative correlation with stroke (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77–0.93), but this relationship was not significant when CDAI exceeded −2.99 (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–1.01). Chen et al ( 11 ) reported a non-linear association with a turning point at CDAI = 3.078; before this point, each unit increase in CDAI reduced stroke risk by 6.0% (OR 0.940, 95% CI 0.904–0.976), but beyond it, the association was not significant (OR 1.024, 95% CI 0.977–1.074).…”

“…Recent research has highlighted a significant negative correlation between CDAI and stroke risk, suggesting that higher antioxidant intake could reduce stroke incidence ( 10–13 ). Mao et al ( 12 ) observed that with each unit increase in CDAI, stroke risk diminished by 4% (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99), and individuals in the highest CDAI quartile had a 37% lower stroke risk compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.47–0.84).…”

“…These studies also explored non-linear relationships between CDAI and stroke risk ( 10–13 ). Mao et al ( 12 ) identified a distinct change in this relationship: below a CDAI level of −1.55, each unit increase in CDAI corresponded to a 20% reduction in stroke incidence, but above this level, the correlation ceased.…”

“…This is inconsistent with our research findings, although we have also found a non-linear relationship between the two, there are differences in determining the inflection point, which may be due to differences in adjusting variables. While it’s crucial to consider confounders in both linear and non-linear analyses ( 29 ), the studies by Wang et al and Chen et al may not have adequately accounted for these in their threshold effect analysis ( 10 , 11 ). If we only consider the curve relationship graph obtained in the study, Wang et al’s inflection point values in the restricted cubic spline graph might be higher than those in their threshold analysis.…”

The interaction between estimated glomerular filtration rate and dietary magnesium intake and its effect on stroke prevalence: a cross-sectional study spanning 2003–2018

“…We utilized a medical conditions questionnaire to identify instances of stroke. Participants were considered to have had a stroke if they answered affirmatively to the question: “Has a doctor or other healthcare professional ever diagnosed you with a stroke?” The validity of self-reported stroke has been established in prior studies, and in our research, stroke was treated as an outcome variable ( 30 , 31 ).…”