Association between Pneumocystis spp. and co-infections with Bordetella bronchiseptica , Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida in Austrian pigs with pneumonia

Kureljušić, Branislav; Weissenbacher‐Lang, Christiane; Nedorost, Nora; Stixenberger, Daniela; Weissenböck, Herbert

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.11.003

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The PCR for the detection of PCS [ 9 ] was performed as previously described. For PCV2 [ 10 ], PRRSV [ 6 ], HPS [ 11 ] and MH [ 3 ] published protocols were modified.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pigs with pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. suis (PCS) occurs with a relatively high frequency of 51% [ 3 ]. As in some pig production units different age classes may be kept together in one facility and thus share the same microbiological environment, these animals are predisposed to polymicrobial caused diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathogens involved can vary considerably between different production sites. PCS can frequently be detected in pigs co-infected with other respiratory pathogens [ 3 , 6 ]. In these previous studies, only single lung tissue samples were investigated, and the results did not allow any conclusions to be drawn about the epidemiology of the various pathogens within a production site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Pneumocystis nucleic acid and antibody profiles and their associations with other respiratory pathogens in two Austrian pig herds

et al. 2017

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Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. suis (PCS) nucleic acid and antibody profiles on two Austrian-farrow-to-finish farms were investigated. Furthermore, associations with other respiratory pathogens were evaluated. Respiratory specimen and sera from pigs of five age classes between the 1st week and the 3rd month of life as well as samples from sows were analyzed. On Farm A, PCS infection occurred early in life. The suckling piglets were already infected in the 1st week of life and the pigs remained positive until the 3rd month of life. On Farm B, pigs were infected later, between 3 and 4 months of age. The maximum PCS nucleic acid load on Farm A was 8.3 log10 genome copies/mL BALF, whereas on Farm B the PCS burden was significantly lower, with 4.0 log10 genome copies/mL BALF. Anti-PCS antibodies were detected in sows, as maternal antibodies in suckling piglets and as an immunological reaction to infection. On both farms, PCS infection was accompanied by several co-infections. On Farm A, there were concurrent infections with PRRSV, a virulent strain of Haemophilus parasuis, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. On Farm B, PCS was accompanied by infections with swine influenza virus, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and a non-virulent strain of Haemophilus parasuis. The results clearly show that the PCS profiles can vary between farms. Younger pigs may be more susceptible as they had higher PCS burdens. It is possible that PCS may contribute to a respiratory disease in pigs and further investigation of its potential role is warranted.

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“…The PCR for the detection of PCS [ 9 ] was performed as previously described. For PCV2 [ 10 ], PRRSV [ 6 ], HPS [ 11 ] and MH [ 3 ] published protocols were modified.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Pneumocystis nucleic acid and antibody profiles and their associations with other respiratory pathogens in two Austrian pig herds

et al. 2017

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“…21,36,39,40 Rare spontaneous cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in pigs (adult and piglets) are mostly linked with immunosuppression from adverse environmental conditions (stressful farming conditions, overcrowding, high ambient ammonia concentrations, perhaps complicated by suboptimal nutrition) and/or genetic predispositions. [41][42][43] In pigs, Pneumocystis is generally eliminated from the lungs or constrained to small quiescent foci unless such immunosuppressive conditions are present. 43,44 The concurrent presence of other opportunistic pathogens such as Bordetella bronchiseptica in the airways and demodicosis in the skin of dogs, 40 and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs 29 with Pneumocystis has been well established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection ofPneumocystisin the lungs of cats

et al. 2018

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The genus Pneumocystis comprises potential pathogens that reside normally in the lungs of a wide range of mammals. Although they generally behave as transient or permanent commensals, they can occasionally cause life-threatening pneumonia (Pneumocystis pneumonia; PCP) in immunosuppressed individuals. Several decades ago, the presence of Pneumocystis morphotypes (trophic forms and cysts) was described in the lungs of normal cats and cats with experimentally induced symptomatic PCP (after immunosuppression by corticosteroids); yet to date spontaneous or drug-induced PCP has not been described in the clinical feline literature, despite immunosuppression of cats by long-standing retrovirus infections or after kidney transplantation. In this study, we describe the presence of Pneumocystis DNA in the lungs of normal cats (that died of various unrelated causes; n = 84) using polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) targeting the mitochondrial small and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (mtSSU rRNA and mtLSU rRNA). The presence of Pneumocystis DNA was confirmed by sequencing in 24/84 (29%) cats, with evidence of two different sequence types (or lineages). Phylogenetically, lineage1 (L1; 19 cats) and lineage 2 (L2; 5 cats) formed separate clades, clustering with Pneumocystis from domestic pigs (L1) and carnivores (L2), respectively. Results of the present study support the notion that cats can be colonized or subclinically infected by Pneumocystis, without histological evidence of damage to the pulmonary parenchyma referable to pneumocystosis. Pneumocystis seems most likely an innocuous pathogen of cats' lungs, but its possible role in the exacerbation of chronic pulmonary disorders or viral/bacterial coinfections should be considered further in a clinical setting.

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“…In addition to impaired healing, pigs suffering from AR experience decreased appetite and difficulty with food intake, and consequently show a slower increase of body weight [10]. Importantly, B. bronchiseptica is known for concurrent infections with Pasteurella multocida [11]. In pigs, an infection with B. bronchiseptica alone usually leads to mild, nonprogressive atrophic rhinitis (NPAR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Unique Bordetella bronchiseptica vB_BbrP_BB8 Bacteriophage and Its Application as an Antibacterial Agent

Szymczak

Grygorcewicz

Karczewska-Golec

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Bordetella bronchiseptica, an emerging zoonotic pathogen, infects a broad range of mammalian hosts. B. bronchiseptica-associated atrophic rhinitis incurs substantial losses to the pig breeding industry. The true burden of human disease caused by B. bronchiseptica is unknown, but it has been postulated that some hypervirulent B. bronchiseptica isolates may be responsible for undiagnosed respiratory infections in humans. B. bronchiseptica was shown to acquire antibiotic resistance genes from other bacterial genera, especially Escherichia coli. Here, we present a new B. bronchiseptica lytic bacteriophage—vB_BbrP_BB8—of the Podoviridae family, which offers a safe alternative to antibiotic treatment of B. bronchiseptica infections. We explored the phage at the level of genome, physiology, morphology, and infection kinetics. Its therapeutic potential was investigated in biofilms and in an in vivo Galleria mellonella model, both of which mimic the natural environment of infection. The BB8 is a unique phage with a genome structure resembling that of T7-like phages. Its latent period is 75 ± 5 min and its burst size is 88 ± 10 phages. The BB8 infection causes complete lysis of B. bronchiseptica cultures irrespective of the MOI used. The phage efficiently removes bacterial biofilm and prevents the lethality induced by B. bronchiseptica in G. mellonella honeycomb moth larvae.

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Association between Pneumocystis spp. and co-infections with Bordetella bronchiseptica , Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida in Austrian pigs with pneumonia

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Comparison of Pneumocystis nucleic acid and antibody profiles and their associations with other respiratory pathogens in two Austrian pig herds

Comparison of Pneumocystis nucleic acid and antibody profiles and their associations with other respiratory pathogens in two Austrian pig herds

Molecular detection ofPneumocystisin the lungs of cats

Characterization of a Unique Bordetella bronchiseptica vB_BbrP_BB8 Bacteriophage and Its Application as an Antibacterial Agent

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