Association between Oral Frailty and Nutritional Status Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Takashimadaira Study

Iwasaki, Masanori; Motokawa, Köiti; Watanabe, Yutaka; Shirobe, Maki; Inagaki, Hiroki; Edahiro, Ayako; Ohara, Yuki; Hirano, Hirohiko; Shinkai, Shoji; Awata, Shuichi

doi:10.1007/s12603-020-1511-4

Cited by 44 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The prevalence of oral frailty was 14% in the present study, which was similar to that previously reported [5][6][7]. Among the subdomains of oral frailty, the item representing few remaining teeth was the most prevalent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association between Physical Frailty Subdomains and Oral Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Komatsu

Nagai

Hirabayashi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This cross-sectional study aimed to demonstrate the association between physical frailty subdomains and oral frailty. This study involved community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65 years). Physical frailty was assessed with the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Oral frailty was defined as limitations in at least three of six domains. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between physical frailty risk and oral frailty. In addition, we examined the association between physical frailty subdomains (gait speed, grip strength, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss) and oral frailty. A total of 380 participants were recruited for this study. Overall, 18% and 14% of the participants were at risk of physical frailty and had oral frailty, respectively. Physical frailty risk (odds ratio (OR) = 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–4.75, p = 0.012) was associated with oral frailty in multivariate analysis. In secondary analysis, among physical frailty subdomains, gait speed (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97, p = 0.019) was associated with oral frailty. The present findings suggest that physical frailty is closely related to oral frailty. Among physical frailty subdomains, decreased gait speed in particular is an important indicator related to the development of oral frailty.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Association between Physical Frailty Subdomains and Oral Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Komatsu

Nagai

Hirabayashi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Participants were defined as having oral frailty if they had ≥3 of the following six components [ 9 , 10 ]: fewer teeth, low masticatory performance, low articulatory oral motor skill, low TP, and self-perceived difficulties in chewing and swallowing. The detailed criteria for each component are shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Well-trained study staff confirmed the participants’ comorbidity status, the use of medication, and their cognitive status during the medical interviews. Nine comorbidities were identified, including heart disease, stroke, hypertension, respiratory diseases, digestive disorders, bone and joint diseases, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, and cancer [ 9 ]. The number of medications was confirmed, and polypharmacy was defined as the concurrent use of ≥5 medications [ 28 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, previous studies investigated only a single aspect of oral health. Because individual oral health problems are interrelated and their prevalence increases with aging, older adults frequently have coexisting oral health problems [ 8 , 9 ]. Recently, oral frailty, which is defined operationally as accumulated deficits in oral health, has been introduced in Japan [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, oral frailty, which is defined operationally as accumulated deficits in oral health, has been introduced in Japan [ 10 ]. We have already reported the cross-sectional association between oral frailty and malnutrition among community-dwelling older adults [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Iwasaki

Motokawa

Watanabe

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: Limited longitudinal studies exist to evaluate whether poor oral health and functions affect the incidence of deteriorating nutritional status. We investigated if there were longitudinal associations between oral frailty, defined as accumulated deficits in oral health, and deteriorating nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The study population consisted of 191 men and 275 women (mean age, 76.4 years) from the Takashimadaira Study. Multifaced oral health assessment was performed at baseline, and oral frailty was defined as having ≥3 of the following six components: fewer teeth, low masticatory performance, low articulatory oral motor skill, low tongue pressure, and difficulties in chewing and swallowing. Nutritional status assessment was performed at baseline and two-year follow-up using the Mini Nutritional Assessment®-Short Form (MNA®-SF). Deteriorating nutritional status was defined as a decline in the nutritional status categories based on the MNA®-SF score during the study period. The association between oral frailty and deteriorating nutritional status was assessed using logistic regression analyses. Results: Oral frailty was observed in 67 (14.4%) participants at baseline. During the study, 58 (12.4%) participants exhibited deteriorating nutritional status. After adjusting for potential confounders, oral frailty was significantly associated with deteriorating nutritional status (adjusted odds ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–4.63). Conclusion: Community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty had an increased risk of deteriorating nutritional status.

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Association between sarcopenia and oral functions in community‐dwelling older adults: A cross‐sectional study

Kugimiya

Iwasaki

Ohara

et al. 2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background Few studies have examined the state of oral function in older adults with sarcopenia. We assessed the oral functions of community‐dwelling older adults with sarcopenia from multiple perspectives to clarify their potentially low oral function. Methods A total of 1517 (86.2%; 990 women, 527 men; mean age 76.1 ± 7.6 years) participants were included in this study. Grip strength, gait speed and skeletal muscle mass index were assessed, and sarcopenia was evaluated according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. The degree of tongue coating, oral moisture, occlusal force, tongue–lip motor function, tongue pressure, masticatory function and swallowing function were assessed. The criteria for oral hypofunction (a disease that is a combination of multiple low oral functions) were used to assess oral function. Statistical analyses were performed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, unpaired t‐test, Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 test, and univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, with each oral function as the dependent variable and sarcopenia as one of the independent variables. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results The prevalence rates of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia were 14.2% and 3.8%, respectively. The prevalence of oral hypofunction was 39.9%. Compared with the robust group, the sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia groups tended to have a higher frequency of the following components (all P < 0.01): low occlusal force, low tongue–lip motor function, low tongue pressure, low masticatory function, low swallowing function and oral hypofunction. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia was associated with low occlusal force, low tongue–lip motor function, low tongue pressure, low masticatory function, low swallowing function and oral hypofunction. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of sarcopenia for each oral function were 2.62 [2.00, 3.43], 2.21 [1.69, 2.89], 3.66 [2.79, 4.81], 3.23 [2.46, 4.25], 1.66 [1.26, 2.20] and 3.59 [2.72, 4.72], respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia was associated with low occlusal force (1.63 [1.10, 2.40]), low tongue pressure (2.28 [1.65, 3.15]), low masticatory function, (1.94 [1.27, 2.97]), low swallowing function (1.64 [1.17, 2.28]) and oral hypofunction (2.17 [1.52, 3.09]). Conclusions This study demonstrated that multiple aspects of oral function were low among community‐dwelling older adults with sarcopenia. The potential decline in oral functions in older adults with sarcopenia may have been overlooked until now. This study indicates the need for dental perspectives in intervening with older adults with sarcopenia and the need to encourage them to see dental professionals.

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Association between Oral Frailty and Nutritional Status Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Takashimadaira Study

Cited by 44 publications

References 39 publications

Association between Physical Frailty Subdomains and Oral Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Association between Physical Frailty Subdomains and Oral Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Association between sarcopenia and oral functions in community‐dwelling older adults: A cross‐sectional study

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