Association between magnesium concentrations and prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Studies on the association between serum magnesium level and prediabetes yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was designed to examine the association between serum magnesium levels and prediabetes. Online databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched up to October, 2020. A total of 10 studies that reported mean and standard deviation (SD) of magnesium levels in prediabetes and healthy control group were identified. Random effects models were used to pool weighted mean differences (WMDs) of serum magnesium levels. Pooled-analysis showed that subjects with prediabetes had significantly lower serum magnesium levels compared with healthy controls (WMD = − 0.07 mmol/L; 95% CI − 0.09, − 0.05 mmol/L, P < 0.001). A significant heterogeneity observed across included studies (I2 = 95.6%, P < 0.001). However, different subgroup analysis did not detect the potential source of observed heterogeneity. Withdrawal of each individual study had no effect on the overall results. The present meta-analysis showed that circulating magnesium levels in people with prediabetes were significantly lower than healthy controls, confirming that magnesium deficiency may play a role in development and progression of prediabetes. Further studies with larger sample size and robust design are warranted to confirm present results.

The Association of Dietary Magnesium and Prediabetes in Childbearing Chinese Women: Results from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015–2017)

“…Magnesium (Mg) is an essential mineral for the human body, which plays a significant role in glucose and insulin metabolism [ 4 ]. A recent meta-analysis [ 5 ] showed that circulating Mg levels in prediabetes were significantly lower than in healthy controls, confirming that Mg deficiency may play a role in the development and progression of prediabetes [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Dietary Mg is the main source of human Mg, which directly affects the Mg nutritional status of the body [ 9 ].…”

Nuts in the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes

“…Evidence from multiple SRMAs has supported the association of specific vitamins and minerals, analogous to those found in nuts, with markers of glycemic control and prevention of T2D [ 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 ]. When oral supplementation of antioxidant vitamins and minerals (such as those found in nuts: vitamin E, selenium, and zinc) were assessed in a SRMA of RCTs considering people with T2D, supplementation of zinc (30 to 660 mg/day) and vitamin E (200 to 800 IU/day) reduced HbA1c, and zinc reduced fasting blood sugar.…”

“…Imbalances in magnesium status, specifically hypomagnesemia, have been shown to inhibit glucose transporter type 4 translocation, increase insulin resistance, and affect lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and the antioxidant system of endothelial cells [ 82 ]. A SRMA of 12 observational studies showed significantly lower circulating magnesium levels in people with prediabetes compared to individuals with good health [ 83 ]. Further, a 100 mg/day increase in oral magnesium intake has been associated with a 15% reduction in T2D risk (SRMA prospective cohort studies, n = 286,668).…”

The Link between Magnesium Supplements and Statin Medication in Dyslipidemic Patients

“…Insufficient intake A diet low in Magnesium [102,105] Slimming cures [102,106] Intensification of losses At the gastrointestinal level: vomiting; purgatives/laxatives; trailing diarrhea [103,107,108] By the renal route: nephropathies; diuretics; chronic alcoholism; diabetes [104,[109][110][111][112][113][114][115] Table 2. Cont.…”

“…Decreased intestinal absorption Conditions after intestinal resection [103,116] Diarrhea [103,107,108] Malabsorption [103,107,108,117] Chron's disease [103,108,117] Ulcerative colitis [103,117] Coeliac disease [103,107] Stressing Factors Pregnancy [32,34,102,118,119] Lactation [32,34,102,118,119] The growing period [102,120] Sport performance [102,[121][122][123] Old age [103,107,109,119,124,125] Convalescence [86,87,102] Endocrine disorders Hyperthyroidism [104,126,127] Aldosteronism [104,126,127] Hyperparathyroidism…”