Abstract:Background
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been associated with a 3-fold higher risk for cardiovascular events as compared to cancer patients who did not receive ICI. Therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have also been associated with a wide range of cardiovascular events. The combination use of ICIs and VEGF inhibitors is currently approved as a treatment for patients with renal-cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, a… Show more
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