“…In addition, as many as 75% of women infected with S. haematobium suffer from female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) of the lower genital tract [3]. FGS results from deposition of schistosome eggs in the uterus, cervix, vagina, and/or vulva, with ensuing inflammatory responses; it also increases susceptibility of the woman to HIV [9][10][11]. The resulting FGS is associated with contact bleeding, discharge, pain on intercourse, as well as diminished fertility, besides being a source of shame and stigma [12].…”