Association between dietary intake of fatty acids and colorectal cancer, a case-control study

Abstract

BackgroundThe association of dietary fat and colorectal cancer (CRC) was frequently reported. However, few studies assessed the effects of different types of dietary fats on CRC. This study aimed to investigate the association between intakes of different types of dietary fatty acids with colorectal cancer risk.MethodsThis case-control study was conducted on 480 participants including 160 CRC cases and 320 healthy controls in Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The intake of dietary fatty acids of the participants was assessed using a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).ResultsThe mean intake of cholesterol (273.07 ± 53.63 vs. 254.17 ± 61.12, P = 0.001), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (16.54 ± 4.20 vs. 15.41 ± 4.44, P = 0.012), and calorie (2,568.76 ± 404.48 vs. 2,493.38 ± 176.03, P = 0.006) was higher and the mean intake of oleic acid (5.59 ± 3.17 vs. 8.21 ± 5.46) and linoleic acid (6.03 ± 3.44 vs. 7.02 ± 4.08, P = 0.01) was lower in the case group compared to the control group. An inverse association was found between colorectal cancer (CRC) and dietary intake of oleic acid (OR: 0.85, CI 95% 0.80–0.90, P = 0.001), linoleic acid (OR: 0.85, CI 95% 0.78–0.93, P = 0.001), and α-linolenic acid (OR: 0.75, CI 95% 0.57–0.98, P = 0.04). The association remained significant after adjusting for age and sex, sleep, smoking, and alcohol consumption, and BMI.ConclusionsThe results of this study support a protective effect of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid against CRC. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these results.

Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid and Perfluorooctanoic Acid Promote Migration of Three-Dimensional Colorectal Cancer Spheroids

“…Butyric acid, as mentioned prior, is known to have critical inhibitory effects on glucose metabolism supporting cancer proliferation, which is also supported by the findings of this work showing significantly low levels of butyric acid in both WT and G12A mutated cells after PFAS treatment. Oleic and α-linolenic acids are known to have a protective effect against CRC . Low levels of both fatty acids in the KRAS G12A cells exposed to PFOS and PFOA further support the potential of PFAS in enhancing CRC cell progression.…”

“…Oleic and α-linolenic acids are known to have a protective effect against CRC. 36 Low levels of both fatty acids in the KRAS G12A cells exposed to PFOS and PFOA further support the potential of PFAS in enhancing CRC cell progression. Moreover, reduced levels of fatty acids can be a sign of rewired lipid metabolism in CRC from fatty acid synthesis to their oxidation, in order to support the high ATP requirement for proliferation and metastasis formation.…”

A new modality for cholesterol impact tracking in colon cancer development – Raman imaging, fluorescence and AFM studies combined with chemometric analysis

“…42,77,78 Moreover, recent studies describing the cancer protective effects of UFAs -OA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have sparked renewed interest in using unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) for cancer avoidance and treatment. [79][80][81][82][83] However, the signicance of omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) in cancer development should be better understood including mechanisms of anticancer actions by inuencing cell proliferation, cell survival, angiogenesis, inammation, metastasis and epigenetic abnormalities that are crucial to the onset and progression of cancer. AA and its metabolites have also recently generated heightened interest due to the growing evidence of their signicant role in cancer biology.…”

Systematic Metabolic Profiling of Mice with Sleep‐Deprivation

“…[ 66 ] It also has a protective effect on colorectal cancer. [ 67 ] PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) supplementation can improve cognitive and emotional disorders caused by SD. [ 68 ] Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid substrate for synthesizing prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes, mediating inflammatory processes and immune function, and acting as an antidepressant role.…”