Association between B vitamins and schizophrenia: A population-based case-control study

Cao, Bing; Sun, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Chuan-Bo; Yan, Jingjing; Zhao, Qianqian; Yang, Siyu; Yan, Lailai; Huang, Ninghua; Zeng, Jing; Liao, Jingwen; Wang, Jingyu

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.006

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Vitamins are considered crucial for body functions. It has been revealed that the level of vitamin B 6 (VitB 6 ) is decreased in the peripheral blood of patients with schizophrenia compared with controls 111 112. This is further supported by a meta-analysis that has shown that lower serum levels of VitB 6 are associated with the risk of schizophrenia 113.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Consensus on potential biomarkers developed for use in clinical tests for schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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BackgroundSchizophrenia is a serious mental illness affecting approximately 20 million individuals globally. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the illness. If left undiagnosed and untreated, schizophrenia results in impaired social function, repeated hospital admissions, reduced quality of life and decreased life expectancy. Clinical diagnosis largely relies on subjective evidence, including self-reported experiences, and reported behavioural abnormalities followed by psychiatric evaluation. In addition, psychoses may occur along with other conditions, and the symptoms are often episodic and transient, posing a significant challenge to the precision of diagnosis. Therefore, objective, specific tests using biomarkers are urgently needed for differential diagnosis of schizophrenia in clinical practice.AimsWe aimed to provide evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations, with a summary of laboratory measurements that could potentially be used as biomarkers for schizophrenia, and to discuss directions for future research.MethodsWe searched publications within the last 10 years with the following keywords: ‘schizophrenia’, ‘gene’, ‘inflammation’, ‘neurotransmitter’, ‘protein marker’, ‘gut microbiota’, ‘pharmacogenomics’ and ‘biomarker’. A draft of the consensus was discussed and agreed on by all authors at a round table session.ResultsWe summarised the characteristics of candidate diagnostic markers for schizophrenia, including genetic, inflammatory, neurotransmitter, peripheral protein, pharmacogenomic and gut microbiota markers. We also proposed a novel laboratory process for diagnosing schizophrenia in clinical practice based on the evidence summarised in this paper.ConclusionsFurther efforts are needed to identify schizophrenia-specific genetic and epigenetic markers for precise diagnosis, differential diagnosis and ethnicity-specific markers for the Chinese population. The development of novel laboratory techniques is making it possible to use these biomarkers clinically to diagnose disease.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Consensus on potential biomarkers developed for use in clinical tests for schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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“…A large number of mental disorders have been shown to be influenced by dietary habits, leading to the development of nutritional guidelines for prevention and/or treatment of psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and psychological distress. In particular, vitamin B 3 dysmetabolism may be linked with some of these neuropsychiatric disorders, although the literature reports conflicting data: as an example, an epidemiologic study conducted on 140 subjects (73 controls and 67 patients with schizophrenia) has revealed that affected individuals show significantly lower dietary intakes of specific nutrients, including niacin [197], whereas a 1-year case-control study performed on 101 controls and 128 cases of schizophrenia found a direct relationship between the disease and nicotinamide levels [198].…”

Section: Other Neurological Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niacin in the Central Nervous System: An Update of Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications

Gasperi

Sibilano

Savini

et al. 2019

IJMS

171

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Niacin (also known as “vitamin B3” or “vitamin PP”) includes two vitamers (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) giving rise to the coenzymatic forms nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). The two coenzymes are required for oxidative reactions crucial for energy production, but they are also substrates for enzymes involved in non-redox signaling pathways, thus regulating biological functions, including gene expression, cell cycle progression, DNA repair and cell death. In the central nervous system, vitamin B3 has long been recognized as a key mediator of neuronal development and survival. Here, we will overview available literature data on the neuroprotective role of niacin and its derivatives, especially focusing especially on its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases), as well as in other neuropathological conditions (ischemic and traumatic injuries, headache and psychiatric disorders).

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“…There is evidence that dietary habits consistent with the principles of rational nutrition could improve cognitive performance. Research reports reveal protective effects on the central nervous system of the B group, C and E vitamins, folic acid, and omega-3 fatty acids [41][42][43][44]. The human brain is composed of approximately 20% of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which must be supplied from food [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Behaviors and Metabolic Syndrome in Schizophrenia Patients

Adamowicz¹,

Kucharska-Mazur²

2020

JCM

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The metabolic syndrome (MS) is highly prevalent in schizophrenia patients, resulting from both pharmacotherapy and their lifestyle. To avoid its development, the analysis of patients’ eating behaviors followed by the necessary nutritional changes should become a routine element of treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of dietary habits on the course of schizophrenia and MS, cognitive performance, symptom severity, and subjective assessment of eating behaviors in schizophrenia patients. Total of 87 participants (63.2% women) aged 19 to 67 years (M = 41.67; SD = 12.87), of whom 60 met the IDF criteria for MS, completed the PANSS, the verbal fluency test, the Stroop Color-Word Test, and the digit span task, followed by a thorough nutritional interview. There were no significant differences in the dietary behaviors between investigated schizophrenia patients with and without comorbid MS. Interestingly, their eating habits compared quite favorably to those described in the literature. No associations were found between positive eating habits and other tested variables in patients with MS. They were, however, linked to lower PANSS scores in the entire sample. In addition, positive eating habits correlated with better cognitive performance and a more adequate subjective assessment of dietary habits. It would be amiss to assume that schizophrenia patients lack the ability to control their eating behaviors. Nutrition education may foster desirable dietary changes and improve the sense of agency, thus helping to reduce symptom severity and enhancing cognitive performance in this patient population.

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Association between B vitamins and schizophrenia: A population-based case-control study

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Consensus on potential biomarkers developed for use in clinical tests for schizophrenia

Consensus on potential biomarkers developed for use in clinical tests for schizophrenia

Niacin in the Central Nervous System: An Update of Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications

Dietary Behaviors and Metabolic Syndrome in Schizophrenia Patients

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