Association between Active Hobby before Hospitalization and Frailty at Discharge in Patients with Acute Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Objectives: It is essential to identify the factors that reduce the risk of frailty at discharge in patients with cardiovascular disease. We sought to verify the association between pre-admission hobbies and frailty at discharge in patients hospitalized for acute cardiovascular diseases. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of the 269 patients admitted to our hospital with cardiovascular diseases, excluding those who required assistance with activities of daily living before admission or had missing data on hobbies or frailty. The patients’ pre-admission hobbies (if any) were recorded, and the patients were then classified into the no-hobby group, inactive-hobby group, or active-hobby group. Frailty was assessed using the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria (Japanese version) on the day before discharge. We conducted a multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between hobbies and frailty. Results: Compared with the no-hobby group, the inactive-hobby group did not show a significantly lower odds ratio (OR) for pre-frailty and frailty. In contrast, the active-hobby group showed a significantly lower OR for pre-frailty and frailty even after adjustment (OR: 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.17–0.90). Regarding the components of frailty, the active-hobby group had lower ORs for slow gait speed, exhaustion, and low physical activity relative to the no-hobby group. Conclusions: Even if patients had hobbies before admission, if those hobbies were non-active, they did not reduce the risk of frailty, suggesting the need for reconsidering rehabilitation approaches during hospitalization.