Association between +45T>G adiponectin polymorphism gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in a Venezuelan population

Abstract

Background: Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) is a hormone primarily synthesized by adipocytes and encoded by the ADIPOQ gene, which exerts anti-inflammatory, antiatheratogenic and insulin sensitizing functions. It has been shown that its plasma concentrations are decreased in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), which could be due to variations in the gene coding for this protein. The aim of this study was to detect the +45 T>G polymorphism of the ADIPOQ gene in subjects with DM2 and MS in Maracaibo municipality, Zulia state, Venezuela. Methods: A total of 90 subjects who attended the Center for Metabolic Endocrine Research "Dr. Félix Gómez" were enrolled for this study, 46 of which had MS-DM2 and 44 of which were healthy control individuals. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was carried out for the promoter region of the ADIPOQ gene. Likewise, the +45 T> G polymorphism was identified and correlated with MS and DM2 in the studied population. Results: The most frequent allele in both groups was the T allele, and the predominant genotype was homozygous T/T (79%). Genotypes with heterozygous T/G and G/G homozygous polymorphism were more frequent in the control group than in the MS-DM2 group. Regarding the individuals with T/G and G/G genotypes, statistically significant lower mean values ​​were found for fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglycerides, abdominal circumference, and for the medians of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Odds ratio were calculated for the presence or absence of MS and DM2. Conclusions: The results suggested that the presence of the G allele exerts a protective effect on the carrier individuals, thus avoiding the appearance of the aforementioned metabolic alterations.

Association between carriers of the G allele of the + 45T> G variant of the ADIPOQ gene (rs 2241766) and the cardiometabolic profile in sickle cell trait

“…Although, without difference in the frequency of MS, the TT + TG SCT group may present a higher risk of worsening in the long-term cardiometabolic profile, and even of MS. On the other hand, Sanchés et al. [ 28 ] suggested that the presence of the G allele has a protective effect in individuals with DM2 and MS. In a previous study, Retamoso et al.…”

ADIPOQ-rs2241766 polymorphism is associated with changes in cholesterol levels of Mexican adolescents

“…Previous studies have reported that the expression pattern of adiponectin can be severely affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ADIPOQ gene (Enns et al, 2011), such as -11391G>A (rs17300539), -11377C>G (rs266729), +45T>G (rs2241766), and +276G>T(rs1501299), all of which have been associated with high Body Mass Index (BMI), high blood glucose levels, increased T2D risk, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (Enns et al, 2011;Sanchez et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2014).…”