Assessment of yoga as an adjuvant treatment for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder

McCarthy, Linda; Fuller, Judith R; Davidson, Georgina; Crump, a; Positano, Sandro; Alderman, Chris

doi:10.1177/1039856217695870

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The seven single-group studies were not included in the metaanalysis; six of these studies resulted in a significant decrease in overall PTSD symptomatology (Collinge et al, 2012;Gordon et al, 2016;McCarthy et al, 2017;Price et al, 2017;Staples et al, 2013;Walker & Pacik, 2017), and the seventh study only showed a significant decrease in hyperarousal symptoms (Staples et al, 2013). For the 15 studies included in the metaanalysis, a random effects model effect size was calculated for all analyses because of the large heterogeneity in the interventions across the included studies (see Table S1).…”

Section: Results Of Individual Studies and Synthesis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selected studies included both civilian participants and veterans as well as both men and women. A total of 11 studies involved a form of yoga (Carter et al, 2013;Descilo et al, 2009;Jindani, Turner, & Khalsa, 2015;McCarthy et al, 2017;Mitchell et al, 2014;Price et al, 2017;Seppälä et al, 2014;Staples, Hamilton, & Uddo, 2013;Thordardottir, Gudmundsdottir, Zoega, Valdimarsdottir, & Gudmundsdottir, 2014;Van der Kolk et al, 2014;Walker & Pacik, 2017), whereas the other studies involved a variety of other BMOIs. The control conditions were waitlist (Carter et al, Rosenbaum, Sherrington, & Tiedemann, 2014).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The control conditions were waitlist (Carter et al, Rosenbaum, Sherrington, & Tiedemann, 2014). One study compared a massage condition to massage and body-oriented therapy (Price, 2005), and seven studies were single-group studies without a control condition (Collinge, Kahn, & Soltysik, 2012;Gordon, Staples, He, & Atti, 2016;Manger & Motta, 2005;McCarthy et al, 2017;Price et al, 2017;Staples et al, 2013;Walker & Pacik, 2017). Outcome measures were self-report measures for PTSD symptomatology as well as PTSD measures collected during clinical interviews; one study used a clinician-administered measure of complex traumatic stress (Kaiser et al, 2010).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body‐ and Movement‐Oriented Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Kamp

Scheffers

Hatzmann

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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To assess the efficacy of body-and movement-oriented interventions (BMOIs) in traumatized adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of pertinent literature. Four bibliographical databases (PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE(R), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched using keywords and text words for trials on BMOIs addressing PTSD. The search included articles published between October 2005 and August 2017. Studies were included if participants were adults suffering from PTSD, if BMOIs were the therapeutic strategy under investigation, and if a psychometrically evaluated standardized outcome measure for PTSD was used. No limitations for control conditions were applied. Hedges' g was computed as the effect size (ES) for the treatment versus control condition. The meta-analysis included 15 studies, which resulted in a mean ES of g = 0.85, 95% CI [0.31, 1.39], with very high heterogeneity, I 2 = 91%. After removing one study as outlier, a mean effect size of g = 0.56, 95% CI [0.29, 0.82] (i.e., medium effect), still with considerable heterogeneity, I 2 = 57%, was found. BMOIs seem to be effective in reducing symptoms of PTSD, but more research is needed to identify working mechanisms and to determine which types of intervention are most effective for various subgroups of patients.Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and debilitating disorder characterized by symptoms of reexperiencing, avoidance, emotional numbing, and hyperarousal as a consequence of one or more traumatizing experiences (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). The disorder is associated with suicidal ideation and behavior (Ying et al., 2015;Youssef et al., 2013), as well as high rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders, including mood and anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, and substance use disorders (Jacobi et al., 2004;Yehuda et al., 2015). Additionally, PTSD is associated with medical comorbidities (such as cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, neurological, and gastrointestinal disorders), chronic pain and inflammation, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (Gupta, 2013;Yehuda et al., 2015).

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Section: Results Of Individual Studies and Synthesis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body‐ and Movement‐Oriented Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Kamp

Scheffers

Hatzmann

et al. 2019

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…We recently demonstrated that a 3‐week daily intensive treatment program (ITP) that delivered cognitive processing therapy (CPT), mindfulness, yoga, and other services led to large reductions in PTSD and depression symptoms among veterans with PTSD (Zalta et al., 2018). There is some evidence to suggest that integrative treatments, such as mindfulness and yoga, which are frequently offered in ITPs (Harvey et al., 2017), may lead to sleep improvements among veterans (McCarthy et al., 2017; Nakamura, Lipschitz, Landward, Kuhn, & West, 2011; Staples, Hamilton, & Uddo, 2013). Thus, we sought to examine (a) the degree to which self‐reported insomnia symptoms improved over the course of the ITP, (b) whether baseline insomnia symptoms predicted changes in PTSD and depression severity, and (c) whether changes in self‐reported insomnia symptoms predicted changes in PTSD and depression severity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Insomnia During Intensive Treatment for Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Does it Improve and Does it Predict Treatment Outcomes?

Zalta

Pinkerton

Valdespino‐Hayden

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Previous research has demonstrated that sleep disturbances show little improvement with evidence‐based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, sleep improvements are associated with PTSD treatment outcomes. The goal of the current study was to evaluate changes in self‐reported insomnia symptoms and the association between insomnia symptoms and treatment outcome during a 3‐week intensive treatment program (ITP) for veterans with PTSD that integrated cognitive processing therapy (CPT), mindfulness, yoga, and other ancillary services. As part of standard clinical procedures, veterans (N = 165) completed self‐report assessments of insomnia symptoms at pre‐ and posttreatment as well as self‐report assessments of PTSD and depression symptoms approximately every other day during treatment. Most veterans reported at least moderate difficulties with insomnia at both pretreatment (83.0%–95.1%) and posttreatment (69.1–71.3%). Statistically significant reductions in self‐reported insomnia severity occurred from pretreatment to posttreatment; however, the effect size was small, d = 0.33. Longitudinal mixed‐effects models showed a significant interactive effect of Changes in Insomnia × Time in predicting PTSD and depression symptoms, indicating that patients with more improvements in insomnia had more positive treatment outcomes. These findings suggest that many veterans continued to struggle with sleep disruption after a 3‐week ITP, and successful efforts to improve sleep could lead to better PTSD treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to establish how adjunctive sleep interventions can be used to maximize both sleep and PTSD outcomes.

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“…The benefits of yoga have been demonstrated among non-veteran 13,14 and veteran populations 15,16 with chronic low back pain, and promising results have been found for other conditions experienced by military personnel and veterans, including combat stress 17 and PTSD. 18,19 Other recent studies of yoga for PTSD remain quite small, 20,21 but many researchers await the results of a full-scale VA-funded randomized controlled trial, which are expected in 2018. 22 However, further study of yoga as a treatment option for veterans and military personnel with mental health and chronic pain disorders is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoga therapy for military personnel and veterans: Qualitative perspectives of yoga students and instructors

Hurst

Maiya

Casteel

et al. 2018

Complementary Therapies in Medicine

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The study highlights consistent reports of mental and physical benefits of yoga practice, ongoing stigma resulting in the need for combatting and demystifying yoga and other complementary and integrative health (CIH) practices, the importance of designing interventions to address the unique mental health issues and perspectives of this population, and the importance of efforts by military leadership to bring CIH to military personnel and veterans. Rigorous research addressing these findings, along with further research on the efficacy and effectiveness of yoga interventions for treating various conditions are needed.

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Assessment of yoga as an adjuvant treatment for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder

Abstract: A range of benefits were observed after yoga, consistent with the theoretical construct for the long history of yoga as a strategy to reduce stress and promote well-being.

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Body‐ and Movement‐Oriented Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Body‐ and Movement‐Oriented Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Examining Insomnia During Intensive Treatment for Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Does it Improve and Does it Predict Treatment Outcomes?

Yoga therapy for military personnel and veterans: Qualitative perspectives of yoga students and instructors

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