Assessment of the Effectiveness of the 2003-04 Influenza Vaccine Among Children and Adults—Colorado, 2003

Antigenic drift and subtype interference shape A(H3N2) epidemic dynamics in the United States

“…We obtained seasonal estimates of adjusted A(H3N2) vaccine effectiveness (VE) from 32 observational studies (Belongia et al, 2011; Bridges et al, 2000; Castilla et al, 2016; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004; Flannery et al, 2019; Flannery et al, 2020; Flannery et al, 2016; Jackson et al, 2017; Janjua et al, 2012; Kawai et al, 2003; Kissling et al, 2013; Lester et al, 2003; McLean et al, 2014; Ohmit et al, 2014; Pebody et al, 2017; Rolfes et al, 2019; Simpson et al, 2015; Skowronski et al, 2005; Skowronski, Chambers, De Serres, et al, 2017; Skowronski et al, 2016; Skowronski, Chambers, Sabaiduc, et al, 2017; Skowronski et al, 2010; Skowronski et al, 2009; Skowronski, Janjua, De Serres, et al, 2014; Skowronski et al, 2012; Skowronski, Janjua, Sabaiduc, et al, 2014; Skowronski et al, 2022; Skowronski et al, 2007; Treanor et al, 2012; Valenciano et al, 2018; van Doorn et al, 2017; Zimmerman et al, 2016). Most studies had case-control test-negative designs (N = 30) and took place in North America (N = 25) or Europe (N = 6).…”