Assessment of serum apelin and lipocalin-2 levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism

Zorlu, Mehmet; Kıskaç, Muharrem; Karatoprak, Cumali; Kesgin, Sıdıka; Çakırca, Mustafa; Yıldız, Kemalettin; Ardıç, Cüneyt; Çıkrıkçıoğlu, Mehmet Ali; Erkoç, Reha

doi:10.1016/j.ando.2013.12.001

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, findings from other studies have revealed that the serum level of apelin varies according to conditions 15–19 . Some studies have found that apelin's serum concentration remains unchanged in subclinical and severe hypothyroidism 20,21 . Indeed, it has been reported that the serum level of apelin in obese, type II diabetic patients, and also in obese mice with high serum insulin levels, is elevated 17,19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[15][16][17][18][19] Some studies have found that apelin's serum concentration remains unchanged in subclinical and severe hypothyroidism. 20,21 Indeed, it has been reported that the serum level of apelin in obese, type II diabetic patients, and also in obese mice with high serum insulin levels, is elevated. 17,19 Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the level of apelin increased under the hypoxia and ischemia experienced with cardiomyopathy and decreased in atrial fibrillation and chronic heart failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplement therapy with apelin for improving the TSH level and lipid disorders in PTU‐induced hypothyroid rats

Badavi

Grootveld

Jafari

et al. 2021

Biotech and App Biochem

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Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder in the general population, which may arise in hypothyroidism. Apelin is an endogenous ligand that acts as an adiponectin, and is involved in energy storage and metabolism. This study evaluated the effects of apelin administration per se or in combination with T4 on the serum level of thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), body weight, and lipid profile, along with the serum level of apelin, and its mRNA expression in heart, in 6‐propyl‐2‐thiouracil (PTU)‐induced hypothyroid rats. Male Wistar rats were assigned to five different groups: control, H (hypothyroid), H+A, H+T, and H+A+T. All groups except the control one received PTU (0.05%) in the drinking water for 6 weeks. In addition to PTU, the H+A, H+T, and H+A+T groups received apelin (200 μg/kg/day, i.p.), l‐thyroxin (T4) (20 μg/kg/day, via gavage tube), and apelin+T4 during the last 14 days of the trial, respectively. A combined application of T4 and apelin in the H+A+T group effectively diminished mean TSH level, low‐density‐lipoprotein cholesterol/high‐density‐lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and atherogenic index in these animals when compared with these values for the H group. Coadministration of apelin with T4 may offer valuable therapeutic benefits, specifically lowering blood plasma TSH, lipid disorder, and atherosclerosis biomarkers in PTU‐induced hypothyroid rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplement therapy with apelin for improving the TSH level and lipid disorders in PTU‐induced hypothyroid rats

Badavi

Grootveld

Jafari

et al. 2021

Biotech and App Biochem

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“…Conflicting results were reported in the literature about apelin levels in hypothyroid patients. While some authors did not find a significant difference in subclinical or manifested hypothyroid patients ( 28 , 33 ), others demonstrated lower apelin levels in subclinical hypothyroidism restored by levothyroxine supplementation ( 34 ). We can confirm these latter observations as we found significantly decreased apelin levels in our hypothyroid population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary hormonal alterations in short-term severe hypothyroidism; in the focus: Apelin and copeptin

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the complex interactions of thyroid hormone, apelin, and copeptin in the fluid–ion homeostasis of patients with severe transitory hypothyroidism.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, 39 patients (ECOG: 0; 11 men, 28 women, mean age: 50.3 ± 14.9 years) were investigated during short-term severe hypothyroidism due to surgical removal of the thyroid gland and after adequate thyroid replacement therapy. In addition to the routinely available lab tests, copeptin and apelin levels were determined using ELISA.ResultsIn the hypothyroid state, apelin concentration was lower, while copeptin levels did not differ compared to the euthyroid condition. Apelin showed a positive correlation with copeptin (p = 0.003), sodium (p = 0.002), NT-proBNP (p < 0.001), and fT4 (p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (p < 0.001). In multivariate linear regression models, copeptin and TSH proved to be significant independent predictors of apelin levels, of which TSH had an explanatory power of 48.7%. Aside from apelin, copeptin only correlated with sodium (p = 0.046). Sodium levels were negatively associated with TSH (p = 0.004) and positively with ACTH (p = 0.002) and cortisol (p = 0.047), in addition to copeptin. None of the parameters were independent predictors of serum sodium levels in a multivariate regression model.ConclusionsIn short-term severe hypothyroidism, serum apelin level is markedly decreased, which may predispose susceptible patients to hyponatremia, while the level of copeptin is unchanged. TSH and copeptin are independent predictors of apelin concentration, of which TSH is stronger.

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“…42 In the literature, the only article on apelin levels and thyroid disorders showed that in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, the apelin levels did not differ from the healthy control subjects. 43 Studies with apelin-like bioactive peptides, such as resistin, adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin, revealed different results. Leptin activates the thyroid gland by affecting specific receptors in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, thus increasing the release of TRH in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and establish a correlation between serum ceruloplasmin, serum apelin level and thyroid profile in patients with hypothyroidism and healthy controls

Sharma

Verma²,

Yadav³

et al. 2022

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone. It is often the primary process in which the thyroid gland produces insufficient amounts of thyroid hormone. It can also be secondary, i.e., lack of thyroid hormone secretion due to the failure of either adequate thyrotropin (TSH) secretion from the pituitary gland or thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus (secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism). The patient's appearance may vary from asymptomatic to, rarely, coma with multisystem organ failure (myxoedema coma). Methods: The present observational descriptive, cross sectional study has been conducted on 120 newly diagnosed Subclinical Hypothyroidism patients of 20-50 years age group of both sex attending the OPD of department of medicine, RVRS medical college and associated group of hospitals, Bhilwara from May 2021 to May 2022. Diagnosis of thyroid disorder has been made according to the criteria recommended by the European thyroid association guidelines-2013. The result has been compared with age and gender matched 120 euthyroid subjects acting as controls. Detailed history of participants including age, history of any medications, addictions has been taken. Written consent from all the subjects has been obtained for the study.Results: The mean serum FT3 level was found to be slightly decreased in Subclinical hypothyroid subjects (group I) as compared to healthy controls (group II) but the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The mean serum FT4 level was found to be slightly decreased in Subclinical hypothyroid subjects (group I) as compared to healthy controls (group II) but the difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). A highly significant increase (p<0.0001) in mean serum TSH level has been observed in subclinical hypothyroid subjects (group-I) when compared to controls (group- II). In subclinical hypothyroid subjects, mean serum ceruloplasmin levels were found to be significantly lower in comparison to healthy subjects (p<0.0001).Conclusions: The overall findings of the present study thus confirm that serum Apelin level is significantly higher in subclinical hypothyroid subjects and serum ceruloplasmin level is significantly lower in the subclinical hypothyroid subjects. However, further experimental and observational studies are needed to illustrate the role of serum ceruloplasmin and serum apelin in subclinical hypothyroidism.

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Assessment of serum apelin and lipocalin-2 levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Supplement therapy with apelin for improving the TSH level and lipid disorders in PTU‐induced hypothyroid rats

Supplement therapy with apelin for improving the TSH level and lipid disorders in PTU‐induced hypothyroid rats

Secondary hormonal alterations in short-term severe hypothyroidism; in the focus: Apelin and copeptin

Analysis and establish a correlation between serum ceruloplasmin, serum apelin level and thyroid profile in patients with hypothyroidism and healthy controls

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