Assessment of oxidative stress of platelets among chronic heroin and hashish addicts

Bani-Ahmad, Mohammad; Mustafa, Ayman G.; Ahmad, Aab; Rahim, Abdur

doi:10.1177/0960327118756721

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A major emphasis was on the immunological properties of leukocytes [ 13 ]. Chronic heroin addiction is associated with oxidative stress on platelet lipids and proteins [ 10 ]. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of oxidative stress on the most prominent cellular blood component, erythrocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heroin-mediated oxidative stress on cellular components of the blood is poorly investigated. Previously, it has been reported that chronic heroin addiction is associated with oxidative damage to platelets, as evident by increased protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation in platelet lysates obtained from chronic heroin-addicted subjects [ 10 ]. This study aimed to investigate the impact of heroin administration on the redox status of erythrocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence on the Heroin-Mediated Impairment of the Oxidative Status of Erythrocytes

Bani-Ahmad

Mustafa

Ahmad

et al. 2022

Journal of Toxicology

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Away from hemorheological properties, the effect of heroin addiction on erythrocytes is poorly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the oxidative impacts of heroin administration on erythrocytes. Study subjects included chronic intravenous heroin addicts and control subjects. Hematological analysis and redox parameters were measured, including serum concentration of methemoglobin ([MethHb]), serum glutathione peroxidase-1 ([GPX-1]), serum glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, erythrocytic protein carbonyl content, and oxidized to reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio. Hematological analysis revealed that addicts had a significantly higher red cell distribution width, consistent with the mild anisocytosis and poikilocytosis of erythrocytes. As compared to control subjects, significantly higher levels of serum [Met-Hb], [GPX-1], and GPX activity ( p < 0.001 ) were reported among addicted subjects. A significant association between [MetHb] and GPX activity was observed with r = 0.764 ( p < 0.001 ). Furthermore, significantly higher erythrocytic protein carbonyl contents and GSSG/GSH ratio were evident among heroin addicts ( p < 0.005 ) that were significantly associated with r = 0.429 ( p = 0.01 ). Results demonstrate preliminary evidence that heroin addiction is implicated in impaired redox status of erythrocytes. Considering the pharmacokinetics of heroin, erythrocytic antioxidant mechanisms, and turnover rate, further investigation is required to evaluate the extent and clinical outcomes, especially upon over-dose administration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence on the Heroin-Mediated Impairment of the Oxidative Status of Erythrocytes

Bani-Ahmad

Mustafa

Ahmad

et al. 2022

Journal of Toxicology

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“…For example, alpha-aminobutyric acid is closely related to depression symptoms in the elderly [ 62 ]. After heroin withdrawal, alpha-aminobutyric acid stays at low levels for a long time, which may be the result of heroin’s oxidative damage to cells [ 63 , 64 ]. Alloisoleucine is a stereoisomer of isoleucine; ketoleucine is produced by the incomplete breakdown of branched chain AAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma metabolites changes in male heroin addicts during acute and protracted withdrawal

Zhou

Xie

Zhang

et al. 2021

Aging

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Background: Heroin addiction and withdrawal have been associated with an increased risk for infectious diseases and psychological complications. However, the changes of metabolites in heroin addicts during withdrawal remain largely unknown. Methods: A total of 50 participants including 20 heroin addicts with acute abstinence stage, 15 with protracted abstinence stage and 15 healthy controls, were recruited. We performed metabolic profiling of plasma samples based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to explore the potential biomarkers and mechanisms of heroin withdrawal. Results: Among the metabolites analyzed, omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, n-6 docosapentaenoic acid), omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid), aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan), and intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (oxoglutaric acid, isocitric acid) were significantly reduced during acute heroin withdrawal. Although majority of the metabolite changes could recover after months of withdrawal, the levels of alpha-aminobutyric acid, alloisoleucine, ketoleucine, and oxalic acid do not recover. Conclusions: In conclusion, the plasma metabolites undergo tremendous changes during heroin withdrawal. Through metabolomic analysis, we have identified links between a framework of metabolic perturbations and withdrawal stages in heroin addicts.

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“…The insignificant oxidative markers levels among hashish addicts might be a result of the contribution of multiple factors that represent various aspects of hashish cultivation, preparation, and hashish pharmacokinetics through the smoking route. Collectively, these factors may contribute to limited and unpredicted plasma levels of potent THC metabolites [61].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Health status outcome among cannabis addicts after treatment of addiction

Siwar,

Mansour,

Aldubayan

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The abuse of Cannabis is a widespread issue in the Asir region. It has a lot of legal and occupational repercussions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health status of cannabis addicts at admission and after treatment using body mass index, glycemic status, liver function, renal function, and oxidative stress. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 120 participants. The study was conducted at Al Amal Hospital for Mental Health in Asir region of Saudi Arabia, with 100 hospitalized patients receiving addiction treatment and 20 healthy volunteers. The participants were divided into two groups: group I, the control group, and group II, the cannabis addicts. The socio-demographic data were gathered. The level of cannabis in the urine and the CWAS [Cannabis Withdrawal Assessment Scale] were determined. In addition, the Body Mass Index [BMI], vital signs [temperature, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate], serum levels of albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP, urea, creatinine, Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [TBARS], superoxide dismutase [SOD], reduced glutathione [GSH], and catalase [CAT] were analyzed on the first day of admission and after treatment. According to the results, there was no significant change in the body mass index. The vital signs in the cannabis user group were significantly lower than the corresponding admission values. Regarding renal function tests such as urea and creatinine, we found that after treatment, the mean urea and creatinine values in the cannabis user group did not differ significantly from the corresponding admission values. However, after treatment, the mean values of fasting blood glucose levels in the cannabis user group were significantly lower than at admission. Also, the mean values of liver function tests such as albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP in the cannabis user group were significantly lower than the corresponding admission values after treatment. In assessing the antioxidant system, we found that the mean values of TBARS, SOD, GSH, and CAT in the cannabis user group did not differ significantly from the corresponding admission values after treatment. The current findings have revealed that cannabis addiction harms the various body systems and has significant implications for the addict’s state of health. The values of oxidative stress biomarkers did not change in this study, but other measured parameters improved after treatment.

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Assessment of oxidative stress of platelets among chronic heroin and hashish addicts

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Evidence on the Heroin-Mediated Impairment of the Oxidative Status of Erythrocytes

Evidence on the Heroin-Mediated Impairment of the Oxidative Status of Erythrocytes

Plasma metabolites changes in male heroin addicts during acute and protracted withdrawal

Health status outcome among cannabis addicts after treatment of addiction

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