Assessment of Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among Prisoners Living with HIV/AIDS in Kality Prison, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction: In the case Human Immune Deficiency virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), prison conditions not only contribute to the risk of transmission, it also hastens the progression of HIV and deterioration in the health of prisoners living with HIV/AIDS. Prisons typically comprise marginalized sections of society and at high nutritional risk due to lack of diet diversity, as these prisoners depend on few kinds of food for a long time and in a situation, adequacy of nutritional requirement is a great issue of concern.Objective: To assess nutritional status and associated factors among prisoners living with HIV/AIDS in Kality prison, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2016.Method: Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 412 prisoners on pre Anti-Retroviral Therapy and Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Kality prison, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from February to March, 2016. The data entered to Epi-info version 7.0 and export to Statistical Package for Social Science version 20.0 for further analysis. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis were employed to identify nutritional status and associated factors that affect nutritional status of prisoners living with HIV/AIDS. Results:The overall magnitude of malnutrition was found to be 43% among prisoners living with HIV/AIDS. Female respondents were 92% times less likely to develop malnutrition than male respondents (AOR 0.08 [95% CI 0.02, 0.42) and those who were in the age range of ≥ 50 were eight times more likely to be malnourished with (AOR 8.68 [95% CI 1.59, 47.28]) than other age groups.

Undernutrition and associated factors among incarcerated people in Mizan prison institute, southwest Ethiopia

“…The finding from this study revealed that 18.6% (95%CI: 14.4%, 22.8%) of the respondents were undernourished. This prevalence was lower than the findings obtained from studies in Kality (43%) [ 14 ] and Tigray region prisons (25.2%) [ 2 ]. This discrepancy may be due to the difference in the study participants; the study participants in Kality and Tigray region had additional co-morbidities.…”

“…i.e. they were HIV infected and had upper respiratory tract infection respectively [ 2 , 14 ]. However, the prevalence was higher than the findings of the studies conducted in Iran (14.2%) and Côte d’Ivoire (14.06%) [ 11 , 12 ].…”

“…Although there is limited evidence on the nutritional problems of incarcerated people, available studies from abroad revealed that the prevalence of undernutrition among incarcerated people ranged from 14.06% to 39.7% [ 9 – 13 ]. The magnitude of undernutrition among incarcerated people with HIV/AIDS in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was 43% and among those with respiratory tract infection in Tigray was 25.2% [ 2 , 14 ].…”

“…Based on previous studies done in prison setting the factors that were identified as the significant determinants of undernutrition among incarcerated people include old age, male sex, history of previous incarceration, long duration of incarceration, depression, taking two meals a day instead of three, absence of family visits and lack of financial assistance from family [ 2 , 13 , 14 , 19 ].…”

“…To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first study to assess undernutrition and associated factors among a representative sample of incarcerated people within an Ethiopian prison. Two previous studies had been conducted in Ethiopia which assessed undernutrition on incarcerated people with HIV/AIDS and respiratory tract infections, respectively [ 2 , 14 ]. However, these studies were not inclusive of the entire prison population.…”