Assessment of lidar depolarization uncertainty by means of  a polarimetric
lidar simulator

Bravo-Aranda, Juan Antonio; Belegante, Livio; Freudenthaler, Volker; Alados-Arboledas, L.; Nicolae, Doina; Granados-Muñoz, María José; Guerrero-Rascado, Juan Luís; Amodeo, Aldo; D'Amico, Giusseppe; Engelmann, Ronny; Pappalardo, Gelsomina; Kokkalis, P.; Mamouri, Rodanthi-Elisavet; Papayannis, A.; Navas-Guzmán, Francisco; Olmo, F.J.; Wandinger, Ulla; Amato, Francesco; Haeffelin, Martial

doi:10.5194/amt-9-4935-2016

Cited by 44 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Similar characterizations of different EARLINET lidars have been reported by Bravo-Aranda et al (2016). The results are shown for the conditions during SALTRACE-3 as it was characterized when the system was back in Leipzig.…”

Section: A2 System Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…other EARLINET lidars by Bravo-Aranda et al (2016). An appropriate assumption for the rotational misalignment β is 0 • ± 1.0 • .…”

Section: A2 System Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…POLIS is a well-designed and characterized sixchannel polarization/Raman lidar and provides volume linear depolarization-ratio profiles at 355 and 532 nm with high accuracy Bravo-Aranda et al, 2016). POLIS is used as the reference polarization lidar system in EARLINET calibration and quality-assurance activities.…”

Section: Polismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triple-wavelength depolarization-ratio profiling of Saharan dust over Barbados during SALTRACE in 2013 and 2014

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Triple-wavelength polarization lidar measurements in Saharan dust layers were performed at Barbados (13.1 • N, 59.6 • W), 5000-8000 km west of the Saharan dust sources, in the framework of the Saharan Aerosol Longrange Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE-1, June-July 2013, SALTRACE-3, June-July 2014). Three case studies are discussed. High quality was achieved by comparing the dust linear depolarization ratio profiles measured at 355, 532, and 1064 nm with respective dual-wavelength (355, 532 nm) depolarization ratio profiles measured with a reference lidar. A unique case of long-range transported dust over more than 12 000 km is presented. Saharan dust plumes crossing Barbados were measured with an airborne triple-wavelength polarization lidar over Missouri in the midwestern United States 7 days later. Similar dust optical properties and depolarization features were observed over both sites indicating almost unchanged dust properties within this 1 week of travel from the Caribbean to the United States. The main results of the triple-wavelength polarization lidar observations in the Caribbean in the summer seasons of 2013 and 2014 are summarized. On average, the particle linear depolarization ratios for aged Saharan dust were found to be 0.252 ± 0.030 at 355 nm, 0.280 ± 0.020 at 532 nm, and 0.225 ± 0.022 at 1064 nm after approximately 1 week of transport over the tropical Atlantic. Based on published simulation studies we present an attempt to explain the spectral features of the depolarization ratio of irregularly shaped mineral dust particles, and conclude that most of the irregularly shaped coarse-mode dust particles (particles with diameters > 1 µm) have sizes around 1.5-2 µm. The SALTRACE results are also set into the context of the SAMUM-1 (Morocco, 2006) and SAMUM-2 (Cabo Verde, 2008) depolarization ratio studies. Again, only minor changes in the dust depolarization characteristics were observed on the way from the Saharan dust sources towards the Caribbean.

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Section: A2 System Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…other EARLINET lidars by Bravo-Aranda et al (2016). An appropriate assumption for the rotational misalignment β is 0 • ± 1.0 • .…”

Section: A2 System Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triple-wavelength depolarization-ratio profiling of Saharan dust over Barbados during SALTRACE in 2013 and 2014

et al. 2017

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“…Uncertainties in the basic lidar-derived optical properties and the POLIPHON retrieval products are extensively analyzed and discussed by Freudenthaler et al (2009, , Mamouri and Ansmann (2014, 2016), and Bravo-Aranda et al (2016 and will not be discussed here. Typical uncertainties in the basic particle optical properties are given in Table 4 for 532 nm.…”

Section: Retrieval Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of polarization/Raman lidar to separate fine dust, coarse dust, maritime, and anthropogenic aerosol profiles

2017

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Abstract. We applied the recently introduced polarization lidar-photometer networking (POLIPHON) technique for the first time to triple-wavelength polarization lidar measurements at 355, 532, and 1064 nm. The lidar observations were performed at Barbados during the Saharan Aerosol LongRange Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE) in the summer of 2014. The POLIPHON method comprises the traditional lidar technique to separate mineral dust and non-dust backscatter contributions and the new, extended approach to separate even the fine and coarse dust backscatter fractions. We show that the traditional and the advanced method are compatible and lead to a consistent set of dust and non-dust profiles at simplified, less complex aerosol layering and mixing conditions as is the case over the remote tropical Atlantic. To derive dust mass concentration profiles from the lidar observations, trustworthy extinction-to-volume conversion factors for fine, coarse, and total dust are needed and obtained from an updated, extended Aerosol Robotic Network sun photometer data analysis of the correlation between the fine, coarse and total dust volume concentration and the respective fine, coarse, and total dust extinction coefficient for all three laser wavelengths. Conversion factors (total volume to extinction) for pure marine aerosol conditions and continental anthropogenic aerosol situations are presented in addition. As a new feature of the POLIPHON data analysis, the Raman lidar method for particle extinction profiling is used to identify the aerosol type (marine or anthropogenic) of the non-dust aerosol fraction. The full POLIPHON methodology was successfully applied to a SALTRACE case and the results are discussed. We conclude that the 532 nm polarization lidar technique has many advantages in comparison to 355 and 1064 nm polarization lidar approaches and leads to the most robust and accurate POLIPHON products.

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“…Adachi et al, 2001, requiring additionally a total backscattering ratio measurement). Bravo-Aranda et al (2016) and Freudenthaler (2016) analyze the effects of transmitter-receiver angular misalignment on uncertainties in the retrieved atmospheric depolarization values. The calculations therein are less relevant for CRL because both studies include the error that is induced by leaving an extra compensation optic in the lidar (the half-waveplate).…”

Section: Literature Review Of Depolarization Calibrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depolarization calibration and measurements using the CANDAC Rayleigh–Mie–Raman lidar at Eureka, Canada

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC) Rayleigh-Mie-Raman lidar (CRL) at Eureka, Nunavut, has measured tropospheric clouds, aerosols, and water vapour since 2007. In remote and meteorologically significant locations, such as the Canadian High Arctic, the ability to add new measurement capability to an existing well-tested facility is extremely valuable. In 2010, linear depolarization 532 nm measurement hardware was installed in the lidar's receiver. To minimize disruption in the existing lidar channels and to preserve their existing characterization so far as is possible, the depolarization hardware was placed near the end of the receiver cascade. The upstream optics already in place were not optimized for preserving the polarization of received light. Calibrations and Mueller matrix calculations are used to determine and mitigate the contribution of these upstream optics on the depolarization measurements. The results show that with appropriate calibration, indications of cloud particle phase (ice vs. water) through the use of the depolarization parameter are now possible to a precision of ±0.05 absolute uncertainty (≤ 10 % relative uncertainty) within clouds at time and altitude resolutions of 5 min and 37.5 m respectively, with higher precision and higher resolution possible in select cases. The uncertainty is somewhat larger outside of clouds at the same altitude, typically with absolute uncertainty ≤ 0.1. Monitoring changes in Arctic cloud composition, including particle phase, is essential for an improved understanding of the changing climate locally and globally.

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Assessment of lidar depolarization uncertainty by means of a polarimetric lidar simulator

Cited by 44 publications

References 39 publications

Triple-wavelength depolarization-ratio profiling of Saharan dust over Barbados during SALTRACE in 2013 and 2014

Triple-wavelength depolarization-ratio profiling of Saharan dust over Barbados during SALTRACE in 2013 and 2014

Potential of polarization/Raman lidar to separate fine dust, coarse dust, maritime, and anthropogenic aerosol profiles

Depolarization calibration and measurements using the CANDAC Rayleigh–Mie–Raman lidar at Eureka, Canada

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