Assessment of hybrid off-grid wind photovoltaic system: A case study of university campus

Energy demand and quality management of standalone diesel/ PV /battery microgrid using reconfiguration

“…Cases 2 and 3 show similar overall (over 24 hours) voltage deviation, however, the hourly behavior is different as can be seen in Figure 10. This is so because, the batteries are discharged in intervals [1][2][3][4][5][6] and [20][21][22][23][24] while we have the highest effect on voltage profile at some specific hours. Overall, the system response indicates that for voltage profile, reconfiguration is dominantly effective compared with BSS integration.…”

“…The hourly schedule of Diesel/PV/Battery system is shown in Figure 11A-C for each case study. As PVs do not have considerable generation at time intervals [1][2][3][4][5][6] and [20][21][22][23][24], diesel units are participated to supply the demand of microgrid accordingly for cases 1 and 2. However, this is different for case 3 where BSSs are discharged to partially compensate for the lack of PV's generation.…”

“…This apparently reduces the diesel generators contributions in that time intervals. As can be seen from Figure 11C, at time intervals [1][2][3][4][5][6] and [20][21][22][23][24], BSSs are discharged to help supplying the loads and then they are charged at time interval [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] by PVs.…”

“…A hybrid energy system considering various configurations based on Diesel Generator, PV, WT, or a combination of them is assessed to provide a cost-efficient microgrid that supplies the demand of a university campus. 5 Author of 6 has used the Mine Blast Algorithm (MBA) to size a microgrid including PV, WT, and FC which is a less costly power source to supply the partial demand of an isolated district in Egypt. An effective framework to size Distributed Energy Sources (DERs) of a microgrid in a village in India under both off-grid and grid connected modes is introduced in Reference 7 using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC).…”

Fuzzy AHP Based Optimal Design Building-Attached Photovoltaic System for Academic Campus

“…Fossil fuel as an conventional energy resource was decreased and has a large impact to the environment. The electrical demand was dominated by fossil fuel generation supply that induces high cost and increased carbon dioxide emissions [3]. Renewable and sustainable energy technologies are at the forefront of environmental concerns, independence in energy, and solutions for high cost of fossil fuels [4].…”