Assessment of human-wildlife conflict in Kailali district of Nepal

Joshi, Gauri; Neupane, Bijaya; Dahal, Deepa; Shrestha, Sami; Dhakal, Prakash; Jandug, Catherine Mhae B.; Gautam, Deepak

doi:10.29252/jad.2020.2.3.5

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Data were analyzed in a descriptive manner using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) and Microsoft Excel 13. The location map of the study area was prepared by using ArcGIS (ver.10.2.2) (Joshi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was carried out in participation of community forestry user group, Phewa watershed management committee, and marginalized ethnic communities (communities dependent on forest resource and lake for their livelihood) to collect more information and to know the perception of different classes of community. In addition, secondary data relevant to the study were collected from various records, profiles and report of government, non-government and other line agencies, published papers online portals (Joshi et al, 2020;Timilsina et al, 2020).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Residents' Understanding of Potential Ecosystem Services of Phewa Watershed

Thapa

Shrestha

Bhattarai

et al. 2020

Jnl Forestry & Nat. Res. Mgt

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Phewa watershed, the second largest natural lake system in Nepal, is considered vital for the well being and economy at local, provincial and national level. Phewa watershed offers multiple benefits to the downstream dwellers involved in tourism, hotel, boating, fishing, irrigation, hydropower, etc. The constant degradation of watershed has become a serious challenge to sustain the watershed. Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) can be an effective environmental management tool for sustaining ecological and economic benefits, especially in an urban watershed like Phewa. This study has assessed the opportunities for the potentialityof PES in Phewa watershed. It first identified and ranked the tradable ecosystem services along with service providers and beneficiaries using Likert scale. Then, 137 households were surveyed to evaluate their perceptions of payment for ecosystem services and sustainable management of Phewa Lake. The results identified tourism as the major ecosystem service in the watershed followed by biodiversity and sediment retention to control flooding and erosion. Protected and community forests users groups within the watershed area, landowners, and farmers were identified as upstream users or service providers whereas the business owners like boat agencies, hotels and restaurants, drinking water users, and Nepal electricity authority were identifiedas the service beneficiaries of the identified ecosystem service. The challenges associated with implementing PES scheme were the lack of financial resource, lack of institutional organization and marketing for ecosystem services, population growth, lack of coordination between stakeholders, and lack of public participation. Thus, this study showed that education-based activities should be organized to enhance participation of beneficiaries and upstream dwellers. Also, PES policy mechanism with clear guidelines should be formulated for assuring the participation of the community people forthe implementation of PES.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Residents' Understanding of Potential Ecosystem Services of Phewa Watershed

Thapa

Shrestha

Bhattarai

et al. 2020

Jnl Forestry & Nat. Res. Mgt

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“…Apart from habitat-use information, it is essential for conservationists to find out the threat status of an ecological community (Nicholson et al 2009;Joshi et al 2020) to plan and implement conservation activities effectively. The threat ranking method used by WWF in the Standards of Project and Program Management shows the degree to which each direct threat affects the biodiversity target at a given site (WWF 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat use and conservation threats to Wild Water Buffalo Bubalus arnee (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

et al. 2021

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Wild Water Buffalo (WWB) Bubalus arnee is an endangered species and a protected animal in Nepal. The remaining WWB population is located in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (KTWR), and it appears to have low viability under prevailing conditions. We assessed the habitat use and conservation threats to wild water buffalo in KTWR. For habitat analysis the quadrant method was used. Eighty-four quadrants of 25 m2 for trees, 168 quadrants of 10m2 for shrubs and 336 quadrants of 1 m2 for herbs were laid out in the study area. Ivlev’s electivity index (IV) was calculated to assess the use of different habitat components. The important Value Index (IVI) was used for vegetation assessment. A relative threat ranking method was used to assess conservation threats for wild buffalo and their habitats. Wild buffalo mostly preferred habitats with distance to water resources less than 500 m (IV= 0.4), less than 25 % crown coverage (IV= 0.39) and more than 75 % ground coverage (IV= 0.42). The trees species Phyllanthus emblica, Acacia catechu, shrub species Mimosa pudica and the herb species Brachiaria distachya, Vetiveria zizanioides, Imperata cylindrica, and Saccharum spontaneum were preferred by WWB in the study area. Among the different plant categories, we found that Acacia catechu was the most preferred tree species (IVI= 156.95), Mimosa pudica the most preferred shrub species (IVI= 58.68), and Imperata cylindrica the most preferred herb species (IVI= 64.73). Major conservation threats perceived by local stakeholders for wild buffaloes were overgrazing by cattle and genetic swamping through crossbreeding with domestic buffalo. Therefore, conservation of grass species through control of grazing, and prevention of cross breeding are measures supported by this study. Additionally, site-specific conservation strategies should be adopted, based on identified threats in the study area.

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“…Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is a widespread manifestation throughout the world and has become a major problem for many centuries (Wang and Macdonald, 2006;FAO, 2009). The most common forms of HWC are loss of livestock, human casualties, crop raiding and property damage (Gurung et al, 2008;Ogra and Badola, 2008;Inskip and Zimermann, 2009;Silwal et al, 2017;Lamichhane et al, 2018;Joshi et al, 2020). Conflicts are particularly severe in the regions where large predators occur (Polisar et al, 2003;Wang and Macdonald, 2006;Lamichhane et al, 2017), and where the resource use by local people and wildlife overlaps (Karanth and Kudalker, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Human-Tiger Conflict and its Community Based Mitigation Efforts in Madi Valley of Chitwan District, Nepal

Dahal

Thanet

Gautam

2020

Jnl Forestry & Nat. Res. Mgt

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Human fatalities and livestock depredation are the ultimate manifestation of human–tiger conflict (HTC). It is one of the major challenging issues that need to be sorted out where such incidences occur frequently. This study aimed to investigate the status of HTC and mitigation measures adopted by local communities in Madi valley adjacent of Chitwan National Park (CNP). Data were collected through household interviews (n=52, including 25% victim’s households), direct field observation and CNP archive records from 2014 to 2018. This study revealed that average livestock depredation was 15.60 (n=78, mean=5.06, SE±1.66) animals per year and among them goats were highly depredated animals (n=39, mean=7.80, SE±2.33). It also showed that livestock depredation trend increased at the rate of 4.1 animals per year but that of human casualties decreased at the rate of -0.3 persons per year during 2014 to 2018. Predation proof corrals, mesh wire fencing, traditional fencing using white cloths andlivelihood diversifications were the major local mitigation efforts adopted by local people. However, detailed studies on effectiveness of locally adopted mitigation techniques along with further investment to implement them from government line agencies and conservation partners are suggested for strengthening human-tiger co-existence in the study area.

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Assessment of human-wildlife conflict in Kailali district of Nepal

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Assessment of Residents' Understanding of Potential Ecosystem Services of Phewa Watershed

Assessment of Residents' Understanding of Potential Ecosystem Services of Phewa Watershed

Habitat use and conservation threats to Wild Water Buffalo Bubalus arnee (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

Assessment of Human-Tiger Conflict and its Community Based Mitigation Efforts in Madi Valley of Chitwan District, Nepal

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