Assessment of global and regional PM10 CAMSRA data: comparison to observed data in Morocco

Sekmoudi, Imane; Khomsi, Kenza; Faieq, Soufiane; Idrissi, Laila

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-12783-3

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A global-scale validation study showed that EAC4 products are generally overestimated . This aligns with previously published studies to estimate uncertainties and sources of error for the EAC4 reanalysis data, which also emphasized that the completion of the reanalysis data may depend on the season, making necessary to investigate possible seasonal differences in the exposure–response association. In future studies, other places and the behavior of other pollutants should be analyzed for EAC4 reanalysis data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Additionally, the quality of the data also depends on good observational coverage. Many issues in reanalysis are related to aspects of processes and systems that drive regional and local atmospheric variability, especially in and areas of complex morphology, such as regions with heterogeneous land cover. ,, For example, a strong seasonal dependence with a positive and negative bias during winter and summer was found compared to observed data in Morocco . Second, the EAC4 grid point in many coastal cities is on the sea or shows a land–sea fraction below 50%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…21,25,26 For example, a strong seasonal dependence with a positive and negative bias during winter and summer was found compared to observed data in Morocco. 20 Second, the EAC4 grid point in many coastal cities is on the sea or shows a land−sea fraction below 50%. The land−sea mask of the EAC4 indicates that the median land fraction for coastal cities is 0.57, and for inland areas it is 0.95 for our analyzed cities.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Air Pollution–Mortality Associations Using Observed Particulate Matter Concentrations and Reanalysis Data in 33 Spanish Cities

Royé,

Íñiguez,

Tobías

2024

Environ. Health

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Air pollution poses a health hazard in all countries. However, complete data on ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations are not available in all world regions. Reanalysis data is already a valuable source of exposure data in epidemiological studies examining the relationship between temperature and health. Nevertheless, the performance of reanalysis data in assessing the short-term health effects of particulate air pollution remains unclear. We assessed the performance of CAMS reanalysis (EAC4) data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, compared with daily PM concentrations from field monitoring stations, to estimate short-term exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm (PM 10 ) on daily mortality in 33 Spanish provincial capital cities using a two-stage time series regression design. The shape of the PM 10 distribution varied substantially between PM observations and CAMS global reanalysis of atmospheric composition (EAC4) reanalysis data, with correlation ranging from 0.21 to 0.58. The pooled mortality risk for a 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 10 showed similar estimates using PM concentrations {relative risks (RR) = 1.007, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) = [1.002, 1.011]} and EAC4 reanalysis data (RR = 1.011, 95% CI = [1.006, 1.015]). However, the city-specific PM 10 beta coefficients estimated using PM concentrations and EAC4 reanalysis data showed a low correlation (r = 0.22). The use of reanalysis data should be approached with caution when assessing the association between particulate matter air pollution and health outcomes, particularly in cities with small populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Air Pollution–Mortality Associations Using Observed Particulate Matter Concentrations and Reanalysis Data in 33 Spanish Cities

Royé,

Íñiguez,

Tobías

2024

Environ. Health

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“…As a result, assumptions for estimating long-term air pollution exposure are frequently adopted. However, we can use some alternative data such as model outputs, satellite data [ 114 ], and data from some institutions such as the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

Sekmoudi¹,

Bouakline

Khomsi

et al. 2022

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize and provide clear insights into studies that evaluate the interaction between air pollution, climate, and health in North Africa. Recent Findings Few studies have estimated the effects of climate and air pollution on health in North Africa. Most of the studies highlighted the evidence of the link between climate and air pollution as driving factors and increased mortality and morbidity as health outcomes. Each North African country prioritized research on a specific health factor. It was observed that the health outcome from each driving factor depends on the studied area and data availability. The latter is a major challenge in the region. As such, more studies should be led in the future to cover more areas in North Africa and when more data are available. Data availability will help to explore the applicability of different tools and techniques new to the region. Summary This review explores studies related to climate and air pollution, and their possible impacts on health in North Africa. On one hand, air quality studies have focused mainly on particulate matter exceedance levels and their long-term exposure impacts, namely, morbidity and mortality. The observed differences between the various studies are mainly due to the used exposure–response function, the studied population, background emissions, and natural emission from the Sahara Desert that characterize the region. On the other hand, climate studies have focused primarily on the impact of heat waves, vector-borne disease, and mental disorders. More than half of these studies have been on leishmaniasis disease. The review revealed unbalanced and insufficient research on health impacts from air pollution episodes and climate extremes across the region.

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“…Likewise, the few studies conducted in Moroccan cities have also mainly reported PM 10 and some major gas-phase pollutant values such as O 3 , NO x , and SO 2 (Inchaouh et al 2017 ; Tahri et al 2017 ; Otmani et al 2020 ; Bounakhla et al 2023 ). Other air quality modeling studies investigated the PM 10 variation in some urban cities in Morocco based on the inventory of local anthropogenic emissions and the application of machine learning techniques to evaluate atmospheric circulation and PM 10 concentrations (Ajdour et al 2020 ; Khomsi et al 2020 ; Sekmoudi et al 2021 ; Saidi et al 2023 ). In some studies, gaseous pollutant levels with high ozone concentrations of up to 157 μg m −3 and PM 10 levels, exceeding the WHO threshold limits, have been reported during the summer and spring at urban sites in Marrakech and Kenitra, Morocco (Inchaouh et al 2017 ; Agbo et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of anthropogenic activities on metals, sugars and PAHs in PM10 in the city of Fez, Morocco: Implications on air quality

Deabji,

Fomba,

dos Santos Souza

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Particulate matter (PM) is an important component in the atmosphere, affecting air quality, health, radiation balance, and global climate. To assess regional air quality in the city of Fez, an intensive field campaign was carried out in the autumn of 2019 in the Middle Atlas region of Morocco. Aerosol sampling was performed simultaneously at two urban sites in the city of Fez: (1) Fez University (FU), a sub-urban site, and (2) Fez Parc (FP), an urban site located in the city center of Fez, using PM10 collectors. Various laboratory analyses were carried out, including PM mass, trace metals, inorganic ions, OC/EC, sugar compounds, and PAHs. The results indicate that the PM10 mass (61 ng m−3) was comparable at both sites, with a 37–107 ng m−3 range. Most of the 19 investigated PAHs at the FU site (10.2 ± 6.2 ng m−3) were low-molecular-weight PAHs, while the most abundant PAHs at the FP site (6.9 ± 3.8 ng m−3) were mainly higher-molecular-weight PAHs. A diagnostic ratio analysis at both sites indicated that PAHs originated from fossil fuel combustion and traffic emissions from diesel engines, with Ant/(Ant + Phe) and Flu/(Flu + Pyr) ratios averaging 0.22 and 0.84, respectively. PMF analysis identified traffic emissions as a major source (30%), with secondary inorganic aerosols (20%) and biomass burning (14%). Polar plots highlight the dominance of local anthropogenic activities in PM pollution, with vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and biomass burning. This study shows that local sources and combustion processes significantly contribute to PM10 sources in Morocco, providing insights into air pollution mitigation in North Africa.

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Assessment of global and regional PM10 CAMSRA data: comparison to observed data in Morocco

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Comparison of Air Pollution–Mortality Associations Using Observed Particulate Matter Concentrations and Reanalysis Data in 33 Spanish Cities

Comparison of Air Pollution–Mortality Associations Using Observed Particulate Matter Concentrations and Reanalysis Data in 33 Spanish Cities

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

Influence of anthropogenic activities on metals, sugars and PAHs in PM10 in the city of Fez, Morocco: Implications on air quality

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