Assessment of ecological risks in weed biocontrol: Input from retrospective ecological analyses

Louda, Svaťa M.; Rand, Tatyana A.; Russell, Francis; Arnett, Amy E.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.07.022

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The results demonstrate reduced oviposition and population development potential on athel relative to saltcedar when Diorhabda tamarisk beetles were dispersing in low numbers from mature saltcedar trees after release (Kingsville, Texas), or when defoliating mature trees at much higher densities (Big Spring, Texas), as well as reduced damage to athel when beetles were present at low densities in regrowth foliage (Lovelock, Nevada). Target-nontarget separation distance may be important in determining nontarget effects (Louda et al, 2005). In this study, distance between athel, resident saltcedar and the established beetle population influenced the results at Big Spring and Lovelock, with oviposition and damage to athel occurring mostly in the immediate proximity of a large saltcedar beetle population on resident saltcedar.…”

Section: Implications For Beetle Establishment and Impacts On Athelmentioning

confidence: 77%

Open field host selection and behavior by tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in biological control of exotic saltcedars (Tamarix spp.) and risks to non-target athel (T. aphylla) and native Frankenia spp.

et al. 2009

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Open field host selection and behavior by tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in biological control of exotic saltcedars (Tamarix spp.) and risks to non-target athel (T. aphylla) and native Frankenia spp. Open field host selection and behavior by tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in biological control of exotic saltcedars (Tamarix spp.) and risks to non-target athel (T. aphylla) and native Frankenia spp. , an evergreen tree used for shade and as a windbreak in the southwestern U.S. and México, and occasionally feed on native Frankenia spp. plants. The ability of tamarisk beetles to establish on these potential field hosts was investigated in the field. In no-choice tests in bagged branches, beetle species from Crete and Sfax, Tunisia produced 30-45% as many egg masses and 40-60% as many larvae on athel as on saltcedar. In uncaged choice tests in south Texas, adult, egg mass and larval densities were 10-fold higher on saltcedar than on adjacent athel trees after 2 weeks, and damage by the beetles was 2-to 10-fold greater on saltcedar. At a site near Big Spring, in west-central Texas, adults, egg masses and 1st and 2nd instar larvae were 2-to 8-fold more abundant on saltcedar than on athel planted within a mature saltcedar stand being defoliated by Crete beetles, and beetles were 200-fold or less abundant or not found at all on Frankenia. At a site near Lovelock, Nevada, damage by beetles of a species collected from Fukang, China was 12-78% higher on saltcedar than on athel planted among mature saltcedar trees undergoing defoliation. The results demonstrate that 50-90% reduced oviposition on athel and beetle dispersal patterns within resident saltcedar limit the ability of Diorhabda spp. to establish populations and have impact on athel in the field. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Section: Implications For Beetle Establishment and Impacts On Athelmentioning

confidence: 77%

Open field host selection and behavior by tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in biological control of exotic saltcedars (Tamarix spp.) and risks to non-target athel (T. aphylla) and native Frankenia spp.

et al. 2009

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“…Many studies involving novel interactions between plants and insect herbivores are based on exotic plants that have become established in new habitats (Agrawal et al 1999;Louda et al 2005;Siemann et al 2006;Lankau and Strauss 2007). Plants that invade regions bordering their natural range, perhaps due to such processes as changes in land use or climatic warming may encounter novel herbivore species that exhibit differing degrees of adaptation to their secondary (= defensive) metabolites (Engelkes et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological fits, mis-fits and lotteries involving insect herbivores on the invasive plant, Bunias orientalis

et al. 2010

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Exotic plants bring with them traits that evolved elsewhere into their new ranges. These traits may make them unattractive or even toxic to native herbivores, or vice versa. Here, interactions between two species of specialist (Pieris rapae and P. brassicae) and two species of generalist (Spodoptera exigua and Mamestra brassicae) insect herbivores were examined on two native crucifer species in the Netherlands, Brassica nigra and Sinapis arvensis, and an exotic, Bunias orientalis. Bu. orientalis originates in eastern Europe and western Asia but is now an invasive pest in many countries in central Europe. P. rapae, P. brassicae and S. exigua performed very poorly on Bu. orientalis, with close to 100% of larvae failing to pupate, whereas survival was much higher on the native plants. In choice experiments, the pierid butterflies preferred to oviposit on the native plants. Alternatively, M. brassicae developed very poorly on the native plants but thrived on Bu. orientalis. Further assays with a German Bu. orientalis population also showed that several specialist and generalist herbivores performed very poorly on this plant, with the exception of Spodoptera littoralis and M. brassicae. Bu. orientalis produced higher levels of secondary plant compounds (glucosinolates) than B. nigra but not S. arvensis but these do not appear to be important factors for herbivore development. Our results suggest that Bu. orientalis is a potential demographic 'trap' for some herbivores, such as pierid butterflies. However, through the effects of an evolutionary 'lottery', M. brassicae has found its way through the plant's chemical 'minefield'.

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“…Also rates of development were generally protracted when compared to agent performance on target weed hosts. However, the case study of the musk thistle biocontrol agent Rhinocyllus conicus (Frölich) illustrates that indicators of non-target risk should not be discounted (Louda, 2000;Louda et al, 2005). Because prerelease tests indicated that R. conicus preferred Carduus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective analysis of known and potential risks associated with exotic toadflax-feeding insects

Sing¹,

Peterson²,

Weaver³

et al. 2005

Biological Control

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Hansen, Richard W.; and Markin, George P., "A retrospective analysis of known and potential risks associated with exotic toadflax-feeding insects" (2005 AbstractTo date, eight exotic toadXax-feeding insect species have been accidentally or intentionally introduced to North America. Reports on their establishment and impact have been recorded for more than 60 years. Environmental risks linked to biological control of toadXax were identiWed in terms of host resources and undesirable impacts on the target species through the critical review of this record. Data gaps revealed during this retrospective analysis are addressed through suggestions for future research and associated experimental methodologies. Known and potential impacts of toadXax-feeding insects on both invasive toadXax and non-target species are examined. Recent programmatic demands for demonstrated agent eYcacy and stringent host selectivity during the prerelease screening process clearly illustrate that classical biological control of invasive toadXax in North America is progressing beyond the so-called lottery approach. 

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Assessment of ecological risks in weed biocontrol: Input from retrospective ecological analyses

Cited by 46 publications

References 40 publications

Open field host selection and behavior by tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in biological control of exotic saltcedars (Tamarix spp.) and risks to non-target athel (T. aphylla) and native Frankenia spp.

Open field host selection and behavior by tamarisk beetles (Diorhabda spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in biological control of exotic saltcedars (Tamarix spp.) and risks to non-target athel (T. aphylla) and native Frankenia spp.

Ecological fits, mis-fits and lotteries involving insect herbivores on the invasive plant, Bunias orientalis

A retrospective analysis of known and potential risks associated with exotic toadflax-feeding insects

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