Assessment of Clinical Pathology and Pathogen Exposure in Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris) Bordering the Threatened Population in Alaska

Goldstein, Tracey; Gill, Verena A.; Tuomi, Pamela A.; Monson, Daniel H.; Burdin, Alexander M.; Conrad, Patricia A.; Dunn, J. Lawrence; Field, Cara L.; Johnson, Christine K.; Jessup, David A.; Bodkin, James L.; Doroff, Angela M.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.579

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Initial infection by another pathogen could result in endothelial damage and exposed ECM. Phocine distemper virus has been detected in northern sea otters in Alaska, and morbilliviruses can predispose hosts to infection by other opportunistic microorganisms [36,37]. The ability of S. infantarius subsp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Streptococcus infantarius subspecies coli Isolated from Sea Otters with Infective Endocarditis

Counihan

Gill

Miller

et al. 2015

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Streptococcus infantarius subspecies coli Isolated from Sea Otters with Infective Endocarditis

Counihan

Gill

Miller

et al. 2015

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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“…The manual method is used for the RBC assessment in hemograms of wild animals in many recent research projects (Goldstein et al, 2011;Inoue et al, 2012;Miller et al, 2013;Norberg et al, 2011;Rostal et al, 2012;Sanches et al, 2013;Santos et al, 2013), and it is often used as the gold standard. In Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, when the subject under analysis is a wild animal it is still challenging to find an affordable solution that can be easily adopted by the clinical staff in-house or on the field. A study on sea otters used manual methods for hematologic analyses, including RBC and WBC counts, due to the remoteness of the site (Goldstein et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image-based red blood cell counter for multiple species of wild and domestic animals

Maurício

Schneider

Takahira

et al. 2017

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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RBC count plays an important role in animal diagnosis. Despite the many technologies available in different automated hematology analyzers, when it comes to the blood of wild animals it is still difficult to find an easy and affordable solution for multiple species. This study aims to evaluate the proposed automatic red blood cell counter. Blood samples (1 ocelot -Leopardus pardalis, 1 monkey -Cebus apella, 1 coati -Nasua nasua, 62 dogs -Canis familiaris, and 5 horses -Equus caballus) were analyzed using three methods: 1-manual count, 2-automatic count by image, and 3-semi-automatic count by image; blood from dogs and horses were also analyzed by a fourth method: 4-automatic count by impedance. The counts in methods 2 and 3 were produced by the proposed red blood cell counter. Results were compared using Pearson's correlation and plots with different methods as the criterion standard. RBC counts in methods 1, 2, and 3 correlated very well with those in the method 4 (r ≥ 0.94). RBC counts produced by method 2 were highly correlated with method 3 (r = 0.998). The results indicate that the proposed method can be used as an automatic or semi-automatic counting method in clinics that are currently using the manual method for RBC assessment.

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“…Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were also identified histopathologically and herpesviral virions ultrastructurally by electron microscopy, in oral, esophageal, and corneal epithelia in a free-ranging sea otter in PWS in 1990 (Reimer and Lipscomb, 1998). Serologic evidence of exposure to a herpesvirus was found in 15% of live-captured otters from the Kodiak Archipelago, Alaska, in 2004and 2005(Goldstein et al, 2011. Findings from both studies indicated that a herpesvirus has been circulating in otters in Alaska at least since the late 1980s.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Mustelid Herpesvirus-2, a Novel Herpes Infection in Northern Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris Kenyoni)

Tseng

Fleetwood

Reed

et al. 2012

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Oral ulcerations and plaques with epithelial eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were observed in northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) that died or were admitted for rehabilitation after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) in Alaska, USA. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of herpesviral virions. Additionally, a serologic study from 2004 to 2005 found a high prevalence of exposure to a herpesvirus in livecaptured otters. Tissues from 29 otters after the EVOS and nasal swabs from 83 live-captured otters in the Kodiak Archipelago were tested for herpesviral DNA. Analysis identified a novel herpesvirus in the gamma subfamily, most closely related to Mustelid herpesvirus-1 from badgers. Results indicated that this herpesvirus is associated with ulcerative lesions but is also commonly found in secretions of healthy northern sea otters.

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Assessment of Clinical Pathology and Pathogen Exposure in Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris) Bordering the Threatened Population in Alaska

Cited by 36 publications

References 38 publications

Pathogenesis of Streptococcus infantarius subspecies coli Isolated from Sea Otters with Infective Endocarditis

Pathogenesis of Streptococcus infantarius subspecies coli Isolated from Sea Otters with Infective Endocarditis

Image-based red blood cell counter for multiple species of wild and domestic animals

Mustelid Herpesvirus-2, a Novel Herpes Infection in Northern Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris Kenyoni)

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