Assessment of central and peripheral fusion and near and distance stereoacuity in intermittent exotropic patients before and after strabismus surgery

Yıldırım, Cem; Mutlu, Fatih Mehmet; Yin, Chen; Altınsoy, Halil İbrahim

doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(99)00079-3

Cited by 89 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Distance stereoacuity has been commonly used to monitor deterioration of IXT, because it is known to correlate better with the course of IXT than near stereoacuity. [35][36][37] However, Holmes et al 38 reported that monitoring near stereoacuity is reasonable in children with IXT, because the functional importance of near stereoacuity in children, as well as distant stereoacuity, has been clearly established, and younger children are more interested in near works and functional works such as pegboard task, water task, and bead task, which are related to near stereoacuity. 39 In our study, most patients were relatively young children, therefore improvement in near stereopsis is an important result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperopic refractive errors as a prognostic factor in intermittent exotropia surgery

et al. 2015

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Purpose To evaluate and compare surgical outcomes with respect to refractive errors in strabismus surgery for the treatment of intermittent exotropia (IXT). Methods The medical records of patients with IXT who were treated by one surgeon from January 2005 and June 2011 were reviewed. Three hundred and thirty-three IXT patients were included and divided into three groups according to preoperative refractive error: IXT with hyperopia (group I), IXT with emmetropia (group II), and IXT with myopia (group III). The surgical outcomes with respect to sensory and motor criteria were compared among the three groups. Results The surgical success rates according to motor criteria and sensory and motor criteria combined were higher in groups I (29 patients) and III (124 patients) than in group II (180 patients) at postoperative 3 and 6 months and at the last follow-up. Stereopsis was significantly better in groups II and III than in group I preoperatively (P = 0.002 by one-way analysis of variance test); however, the difference was not significant postoperatively. Twenty patients in group I (69.0%) were prescribed undercorrected hyperopic spectacles postoperatively, while only 22 patients in group III (17.7%) were prescribed spectacles with more myopic power than their refractive errors. Conclusion In the surgical treatment of IXT, hyperopia was not an indicator of poor prognosis. Taking into consideration the age effect, follow-up period after IXT surgery, and stereopsis improvement, hyperopic refractive error is rather a good prognostic factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperopic refractive errors as a prognostic factor in intermittent exotropia surgery

et al. 2015

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“…Beneish and Flanders 13 reported that poor preoperation stereopsis dose not necessarily preclude, and may enhance, long-term alignment stability postoperatively. However, Yildirim et al 14 reported that better distance stereoacuity and central fusion are frequently associated with better surgical success in intermittent exotropia. In the present study, there was no difference in stereoacuity measured using Lang I stereotest between primary group and resurgery group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical course of recurrent intermittent exotropia following one or two surgeries over 24 months postoperatively

Kim

2014

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Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the difference of the clinical course in recurrent intermittent exotropia after second surgery compared with both recurrent intermittent exotropia after its first of two surgeries and intermittent exotropia after only a single surgery. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with intermittent exotropia who underwent lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection (R&R) between January 1992 and January 2011 at Yeungnam University Hospital. Repeated measure ANOVA (rmANOVA) was used to compare the clinical course of recurrent intermittent exotropia before and after a second surgery with that of intermittent exotropia with a single surgery. Results A total of 352 intermittent exotropia patients who underwent one R&R procedure and 77 recurrent intermittent exotropia patients who underwent a second R&R in the contralateral eye were included in this study. Although exodrift of recurrent intermittent exotropia was observed at 24 months of follow-up even after a second surgery, it was significantly lower than both intermittent exotropia with a single surgery and after its first of two surgeries (Po0.001, rmANOVA). Conclusion The clinical course of recurrent intermittent exotropia after a second surgery was improved compared with both recurrent intermittent exotropia after its first of two surgeries and intermittent exotropia after a single surgery.

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“…However, there are various factors that may significantly influence surgical outcomes for the surgeon to consider, including age at surgery, exotropia type, amount of stereopsis, high AC/A ratio and lateral incomitancy. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The tendon width of the lateral rectus can be a useful indicator to estimate the effect of lateral rectus recession in intermittent exotropia. The mean effect of the 1 mm lateral rectus recession has been shown to range from 2.7 to 3.5 PD, according to the tendon width.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral lateral rectus recession considering the tendon width in intermittent exotropia

2009

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Purpose The tendon width of the lateral rectus muscle can be a useful indicator of the effect of unilateral lateral rectus recession in intermittent exotropia. 1 The aim of this study was to determine whether the tendon width of lateral rectus would be useful for predicting the effect of bilateral lateral rectus (BLR) recession. Methods We studied a total of 45 patients between 3 and 15 years of age who had undergone bilateral rectus recession for the basic type of intermittent exotropia. The actual effect of lateral recession was calculated by adding the absolute value of the angle of preoperative deviation and the postoperative deviation on the second day and dividing the figure by the total amount of recession. We then calculated the hypothetical effect of lateral rectus recession, considering the tendon width of each eye, and added the effects of both eyes. The hypothetical effects were defined as 3 PD when the tendon width was 8-8.5 mm; 3.5 PD when it was 7-7.5 mm; and 2.5 PD when it was 9-9.5 mm, based upon earlier statistical analysis. 1 We compared both effects using a paired t-test. Results The mean difference between the actual and the hypothetical effects of BLR recession in all patients was 2.88 PD (P ¼ 0.001, range: 0-5.50 PD). However, when the amount of preoperative exodeviation was below 25 PD, the differences were not statistically significant (P ¼ 0.086). Conclusion The tendon width may also be useful indicator in BLR recession if the preoperative exodeviation is below 25 PD.

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Assessment of central and peripheral fusion and near and distance stereoacuity in intermittent exotropic patients before and after strabismus surgery

Cited by 89 publications

References 16 publications

Hyperopic refractive errors as a prognostic factor in intermittent exotropia surgery

Hyperopic refractive errors as a prognostic factor in intermittent exotropia surgery

The clinical course of recurrent intermittent exotropia following one or two surgeries over 24 months postoperatively

Bilateral lateral rectus recession considering the tendon width in intermittent exotropia

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