Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Women with Periodontal Diseases According to C-reactive Protein Levels

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are highly prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide. Periodontitis may act as a non-traditional cardiovascular risk (CVR) factor, linked by a low-grade systemic inflammation mediated by C-reactive protein (CRP). Patients with periodontitis reported higher serum CRP levels; however, a CRP systemic and periodontal correlation in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and its CVR impact have been barely studied. We aimed to assess the association between periodontal diseases and CVR in a group of adult women, based on serum high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) levels; and secondly, to determine the association between serum and GCF CRP levels. Gingival crevicular fluid and blood samples were obtained from women with periodontitis, gingivitis, and healthy controls. Serum and GCF CRP were determined by turbidimetric method and Luminex technology, respectively. Data were analyzed and adjusted by CVR factors. All women presented moderate CVR, without an evident association between serum hs-CRP levels and periodontal diseases. While serum hs-CRP concentrations did not significantly differ between groups, patients with gingivitis and periodontitis showed higher CRP levels in GCF, which positively correlated to CRP detection in serum.

Effect of non‐surgical therapy on plasma C‐reactive protein levels in patients with periodontitis: A single arm prospective clinical trial

“…7,8 Furthermore, local periodontal inflammation has been associated with major adverse cardiovascular events through a mechanism of increased arterial inflammation. 9 Therefore, CRP levels have been suggested as one of the tools to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease due to periodontitis, 10 since CRP serum levels are elevated in patients with periodontal disease. 11,12 A metaanalysis investigating the relation of CRP with periodontitis have shown that CRP in patients with periodontitis of different severity is elevated compared with controls.…”

Biomolecules and Cardiovascular Diseases in Women

“…Crescioli [ 4 ] clearly reviewed the protective role of vitamin D in female cardiac health, discussing that vitamin D controls together with estrogens some intracellular signaling paths [ 5 ], so that the unfavorable association of hypoestrogenism-D hypovitaminosis likely converges towards maladaptive cardiomyocyte remodeling and contributes to increase CVD risk in post-menopause. Da Venezia et al [ 6 ] assessed the association between periodontal diseases and CV risk based on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, plainly showing a link between periodontitis, that might act as a non-traditional CV risk factor, and a low-grade systemic inflammation mediated by C-reactive protein. They showed the systemic and periodontal correlation in women’s gingival crevicular fluid and its impact on CV risk.…”