Assessment of Azadirachta Indica (L.) in the Removal of Heavy Metal From Soil Contaminated With Lead Poisoning in Anka, Zamfara State

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the potentials of Azadirachta indica (L.) in the removal of heavy metal from soil contaminated with lead poisoning in Anka, Zamfara State. Soil and Azadirachta indica samples were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical and heavy metals. Contamination and transfer factors were also calculated. The results of physico-chemical parameters revealed that Anka (control) has highest pH H20 (1:2.50); 7.63, Organic Carbon (OC); 1.54%, Total Nitrogen (TN); 1.91%; Cationic Exchange Capacity (CEC); and 5.52cmol kg −1 . Abare has the highest values of Available Phosphorus (AP); 32.55 mg/kg, Electrical Conductivity (CEe); 1.33d/sm. The textural classes were Loamy Sand (LS). The highest concentrations of heavy metals were in Abare; Zn (54.68mg/kg), Mn (51.19mg/kg), Pb (493.85mg/kg) and Cd (3.78mg/kg). The highest CF of all the heavy metals was found in Abare with Zn (0.18), Mn (0.03), Pb (4.94) and Cd (1.26). Bagega has the highest concentrations of transfer factor (TF) of Mn (2.10), Pb (1.48) and Cd (0.75) while Anka town has the highest TF of Zn (2.53). The results obtained showed that soil physico-chemical properties enhance mobility and availability of heavy metals. Azadirachta indica can accumulate heavy metals from contaminated soils as the concentrations of the heavy metals were reduced in the polluted soils. The contamination factors revealed that most values fall within none to medium contamination due to the phytoremediation potential of the plant. Thus Azadirachta indica posses high phytoremediation potentials as it helps in reducing the high amount of heavy metals in the soil.

Plastic Solid Waste Management Assessment Among Selected Schools in Gwadabawa Local Government, Sokoto, Nigeria

“…And they should be gingered to feel waste management is beneficial, and they can overcome the barriers to actions (Rasul et al, 2021;Sarkingobir et al, 2023). Parable, school actors easily break barriers to plastic waste management, by participation in waste management, participation in waste cleaning, participate in improvisation (using plastic waste things as teaching/learning aids), and engaging in 5Rs (reducing use of plastics; refusing plastics as ably as possible; recycling plastics as ably as possible; re-using plastics such as in the case of bottles, bags, food containers; restricting using plastics when becoming policy makers and at personal liberty (Wagner et al, 2014;Ryan, 2015;Avio et al, 2016;Simpson, 2016;Salau et al, 2022;Waheed et al, 2022).…”