Assessment of Antibiotic Usage Pattern in Patients of Pediatric Department-a Prospective Study

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to assess the antibiotic usage pattern in patients of the pediatric department in ESI Hospital, Indiranagar, Bangalore.
 Methods: A prospective six-month observational study was conducted in the pediatric department. The history of the patients was collected from the case sheets and the patient demographic details were also collected. The details of antibiotics prescribed and the other therapy applied to the patients were collected in terms of dosage, duration, and route of administration. The antibiotic consumption was assessed based on qualitative and quantitative indicators which assess the appropriateness of antibiotic use, and the dosage of antibiotics prescribed, respectively. Regarding the qualitative evaluation of antibiotic consumption, the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline was considered to appraise compliance with indication and dosing.
 Results: Distribution of drug prescription indicators showed that the average number of drugs per encounter was 3.7, which is more than the standards suggested by WHO and should be reduced as much as possible to mitigate polypharmacy and its consequences. 93.45% of encounters existed leastwise with one or more antibiotics, which was higher than the WHO standards. Almost 56.08% of drugs were prescribed considering their generic name, which was very much lower than the ideal percentage recommended by WHO.
 Conclusion: The percentage of encounters with one or more antibiotics was very higher than the WHO standard percentage, which indicates the irrationality of antibiotic prescribing. To minimize the irrationality of prescriptions and their inappropriateness, effective interventions and compliance with antibiotic prescribing guidelines are required.