Assessing the sources of inorganic carbon in surface-, soil- and non-thermal groundwater in Iceland by δ13C and 14C

Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Árný E.; Stefánsson, Andri; Heinemeier, Jan; Arnórsson, Stefán; Eiríksdóttir, Eydís Salome; Ólafsdóttir, Rósa

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2020.03.021

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…River samples in the Sveinbjörnsdóttir et al. (2020) data set are super‐saturated with respect to CO 2 , have similar degrees of CO 2 super‐saturation to soil pore waters, and can have δ 13 C values that do not match equilibrium with atmospheric CO 2 . Icelandic rivers also tend to have low concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (Bjarnadottir et al., 2021; Kardjilov et al., 2006) that could serve as an additional source of 14 C‐enriched C decoupled from weathering processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Field measurements of the 14 C content of dissolved inorganic carbon for the subset of river measurements presented by Sveinbjörnsdóttir et al. (2020) that also have major element data. The blue points show the individual measurements while the black line shows a kernel density estimate of their probability distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then compare these predictions to riverine measurements of normalized 14 C from Sveinbjörnsdóttir et al. (2020), which are available for 108 of the samples in our database with measurements of major element concentrations and MEANDIR model predictions. A full description of this calculation is included in Supporting Information S1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a proof-of-concept, we use our model output from MEANDIR to predict the normalized 14 C content of DIC taking into account uncertainties in the isotopic composition of soil respiration using soil carbon data from Torres et al (2020). We then compare these predictions to riverine measurements of normalized 14 C from Sveinbjörnsdóttir et al (2020), which are available for 108 of the samples in our database with measurements of major element concentrations and MEANDIR model predictions. A full description of this calculation is included in Supporting Information S1.…”

Section: Constraints On Carbonate Contributions To Icelandic Riversmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hydrochemical Signature of Incongruent Weathering in Iceland

2022

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Silicate mineral dissolution promotes the removal of CO 2 from the ocean-atmosphere system by providing the cations and alkalinity necessary for carbonate mineral burial, which is the primary geologic sink for CO 2 released from solid Earth degassing and sedimentary recycling (Berner et al., 1983). Though the dissolution of carbonate minerals also supplies alkalinity to the ocean, carbonate weathering alone cannot drive net carbonate burial and thus influences CO 2 consumption over shorter timescales compared to silicate weathering (Broecker & Sanyal, 1998). Therefore, quantifying the fractional contribution of cations derived from silicate versus carbonate mineral dissolution during chemical weathering is critical to understanding the geologic C cycle.The main factors that modulate silicate weathering fluxes are thought to include climate, lithology, and uplift/ erosion rates. These mechanisms have been explored through numerous field studies of riverine solute fluxes (e.g.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Constraints On Carbonate Contributions To Icelandic Riversmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Hydrochemical Signature of Incongruent Weathering in Iceland

2022

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“…However, the uncertainty of using only δ 13 C to trace carbon sources is the enrichment of 13 C in rivers during CO 2 degassing (Bai et al, 2017; Dubois et al, 2010; Rivé et al, 2013). Radiocarbon (Δ 14 C) is considered a credible and powerful tracer for carbon pools in aquatic ecosystems (Genereux et al, 2009; Sveinbjörnsdóttir et al, 2020). Hence, coupling δ 13 C and Δ 14 C can provide more accurate information on carbon sources and processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variations of chemical and isotopic compositions in the river draining the Changbaishan volcanic area: The role of hydrological changes and volcanic activities

Wang

Zhong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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Volcanic activities are known to release a substantial amount of deep carbon to the Earth's surface, thereby influencing the global carbon cycle on geological timescales.It is crucial to clarify the contribution of deep carbon and its changes under hydrological variations in rivers draining volcanic areas. This study reported the temporal variations of chemical compositions and isotopic compositions (δ 13 C and Δ 14 C) of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the Erdaobai River, which drains the Changbaishan volcanic area. The results showed that hydrothermal fluids had a considerable impact on the chemical and carbon isotopic compositions in this study area. The chemical mass balance model indicated that hydrothermal fluids composed 4.6 ± 0.7% of the water budget for the Erdaobai River. Additionally, the isotopic mixing model of Δ 14 C DIC showed that hydrothermal DIC accounted for 83.6 ± 1.9% and 40.8 ± 3.7% of the DIC budget for the upstream and downstream, respectively, and the proportion of hydrothermal contribution also varied in a narrow range in response to hydrological changes. However, the DIC and dissolved organic carbon fluxes showed significant seasonal variations, verifying the controlling role of hydrological processes. This study highlighted the impact of hydrological processes and deep carbon release on the carbon budget in the volcanic catchment, which is of great significance for understanding atmospheric CO 2 balance and climate change. K E Y W O R D S carbon isotopes, Changbaishan volcanic area, deep carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon, hydrological variations 1 | INTRODUCTION Climate change is controlled by the balance between carbon release from volcanic degassing and CO 2 consumption by silicate weathering on geological time scales (Berner & Caldeira, 1997; Penman et al., 2020). Silicate weathering consumes atmospheric CO 2 and stores it in the ocean as carbonate deposits (Frings & Buss, 2019), constituting a principal sink in the long-term (50-100 Ma) carbon cycle (Liu et al., 2011; Maher & Chamberlain, 2014). Volcanic degassing is considered the main way for transferring deep carbon to the Earth's surface (Aiuppa et al., 2019), and therefore, represents an essential regulator of global climate (Dasgupta, 2013;Maclennan et al., 2002).The discharge of hydrothermal fluids altered solute fluxes and carbon cycle in volcanic catchments (Chiodini et al., 2004;

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The major element geochemistry of river waters: Fluxes, sources, and controls

Torres

2025

Treatise on Geochemistry

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Assessing the sources of inorganic carbon in surface-, soil- and non-thermal groundwater in Iceland by δ13C and 14C

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

The Hydrochemical Signature of Incongruent Weathering in Iceland

The Hydrochemical Signature of Incongruent Weathering in Iceland

Temporal variations of chemical and isotopic compositions in the river draining the Changbaishan volcanic area: The role of hydrological changes and volcanic activities

The major element geochemistry of river waters: Fluxes, sources, and controls

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