Assessing the risk of the evolution of resistance to pesticides using spatially complex simulation models.

Caprio, Michael A.; Storer, Nicholas P.; Sisterson, Mark S.; Peck, Steven L.; Maia, A. H. N.; Whalon, M. E.; Mota-Sanchez, D.; Hollingworth, R. M.

doi:10.1079/9781845933531.0090

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(6 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The simulation approach taken here was similar to that used to develop guidelines for managing the evolution of resistance to insecticides by insects (9,23,28,36,44,45,54,55) and discussed further by Peck (35). This approach entails simulating the management strategy under a wide range of conditions to identify the region of parameter space associated with effective disease control.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Roguing with Replacement in Perennial Crops: Conditions for Successful Disease Management

Sisterson

Stenger²

2013

Phytopathology®

View full text Add to dashboard Buy / Rent full text

Replacement of diseased plants with healthy plants is commonly used to manage spread of plant pathogens in perennial cropping systems. This strategy has two potential benefits. First, removing infected plants may slow pathogen spread by eliminating inoculum sources. Second, replacing infected plants with uninfected plants may offset yield losses due to disease. The extent to which these benefits are realized depends on multiple factors. In this study, sensitivity analyses of two spatially explicit simulation models were used to evaluate how assumptions concerning implementation of a plant replacement program and pathogen spread interact to affect disease suppression. In conjunction, effects of assumptions concerning yield loss associated with disease and rates of plant maturity on yields were simultaneously evaluated. The first model was used to evaluate effects of plant replacement on pathogen spread and yield on a single farm, consisting of a perennial crop monoculture. The second model evaluated effects of plant replacement on pathogen spread and yield in a 100 farm crop growing region, with all farms maintaining a monoculture of the same perennial crop. Results indicated that efficient replacement of infected plants combined with a high degree of compliance among farms effectively slowed pathogen spread, resulting in replacement of few plants and high yields. In contrast, inefficient replacement of infected plants or limited compliance among farms failed to slow pathogen spread, resulting in replacement of large numbers of plants (on farms practicing replacement) with little yield benefit. Replacement of infected plants always increased yields relative to simulations without plant replacement provided that infected plants produced no useable yield. However, if infected plants produced useable yields, inefficient removal of infected plants resulted in lower yields relative to simulations without plant replacement for perennial crops with long maturation periods in some cases.

show abstract

“…Some models use a generational time-step, others use a daily time-step, e.g., Crowder and Onstad [ 17 ], Crowder et al [ 28 ]. Some models are spatially explicit, that is there is a specific ordering and structure to patches (fields) so some patches are closer while others are more distant (concepts of distance, dispersal kernels and spread become important) [ 14 , 16 , 19 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Other models are spatially implicit and model populations with no spatial structure and movement is represented as an exchange of individuals between these populations without regards to distance [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Fundamental Models Of Diabrotica Virgifera Virgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Diabrotica Populations: Demography, Population Genetics, Geographic Spread, and Management

Onstad¹,

Caprio

Pan

2020

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Buy / Rent full text

Both Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and D. barberi Smith and Lawrence are among the most damaging insects impacting corn in North America. D. virgifera virgifera has also invaded Europe and has become an important pest in that region. Computer models have become an important tool for understanding the impact and spread of these important pests. Over the past 30 years, over 40 models have been published related to these pests. The focus of these models range from occupancy models (particularly for Europe), impact of climate change, range expansion, economics of pest management, phenology, to the evolution of resistance to toxins and crop rotation. All of these models share characteristics. We elaborate on the methods in which modelers have incorporated the biology of these pests, including density-dependence, movement, fecundity and overwintering mortality. We discuss the utility of both spatially-explicit, complex models and spatially-implicit, generational models and where each might be appropriate. We review resistance models that either explain past evolution to crop rotation, insecticides or insecticidal traits or attempt to predict the consequences of resistance management strategies.

show abstract

“…Crava et al (2013) complementan este concepto refiriendo a la tolerancia como una medida cuantitativa de la resistencia que está distribuida entre los individuos de una población. Al definir a la resistencia como un carácter heredable, cabe considerar el genotipo que lo determina y su frecuencia en la población, la que frente a la presión de selección que ejerce el insecticida, crecerá en el tiempo (Caprio et al, 2008). La resistencia de campo a una toxina Bt (field-evolved resistance en la literatura internacional vigente) es la menor susceptibilidad de una población de insectos como consecuencia de la exposición a esa toxina a campo, en relación a la línea base de susceptibilidad, a su vez definida como la CL 50 (concentración de una toxina que provoca la muerte del 50% de la población) de la toxina Bt en poblaciones de diferentes regiones previa a la introducción de la toxina (por ejemplo, Bernardi et al, 2012).…”

Section: La Resistenciaunclassified

Resistencia de insectos a cultivos transgénicos con propiedades insecticidas. Teoría, estado del arte y desafíos para la República Argentina

Trumper

2014

AgriS

View full text Add to dashboard Buy / Rent full text

Los cultivos Bt ejercen alta presión de selección sobre las plagas blanco. Para mitigar la evolución de resistencia, la estrategia Alta Dosis-Refugio (AD-R) requiere: a) una concentración de toxina en la planta suficientemente elevada para provocar que los alelos resistentes sean funcionalmente recesivos; b) baja frecuencia inicial del alelo resistente; c) refugios con plantas no-Bt. Para reforzar la estrategia AD-R, se propone la acumulación de dos o más toxinas en una planta (genes “piramidados”), bajo el supuesto de que estas tienen sitios de acción diferentes, a fin de minimizar el riesgo de resistencia cruzada. Una reciente revisión respalda las fortalezas de la estrategia AD-R en la demora de la evolución de resistencia. El incumplimiento de uno o más componentes de esta estrategia explica los pocos casos de resistencia confirmados. En San Luis, Argentina, se detectaron importantes daños de Diatraea saccharalis en híbridos de maíz Bt. Entre las hipótesis para explicar estos daños, se incluyen dominancia del alelo resistente, baja concentración de toxina y bajo nivel de adopción de refugios. Esto último motiva discusiones sobre la conveniencia de implementar refugios integrados. Se recomienda un abordaje caso por caso para diseñar estrategias de manejo de resistencia de acuerdo a cada plaga.

show abstract

“…IRM models range from simple deterministic population genetic models that include only a few parameters to much more complex stochastic models that represent interrelated complex process and incorporate potentially hundreds of parameters (see reviews Caprio et al 2008 ;Onstad 2008 ) . As described by Peck ( 2000 ) and later echoed in Matten and Reynolds ( 2003 ) , deterministic modeling, under discrete, nonrandom conditions, examines resistance evolution within a single fi eld of Bt PIP crop to several thousand fi elds.…”

Section: Types Of Irm Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many authors have described important environmental and economic bene fi ts, which have resulted from the use of Bt PIP crops, e.g ., reduction in exposure to conventional pesticides as a result of lowered conventional pesticide use, reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, mycotoxin reduction in Bt PIP corn, and yield increases (USEPA 2001 ;Glaser and Matten 2003 ;Carpenter et al 2002 ;Cattaneo et al 2006 ;Fernandez-Cornejo and Caswell 2006 ;Wu 2006 ) . Many authors have described important environmental and economic bene fi ts, which have resulted from the use of Bt PIP crops, e.g ., reduction in exposure to conventional pesticides as a result of lowered conventional pesticide use, reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, mycotoxin reduction in Bt PIP corn, and yield increases (USEPA 2001 ;Glaser and Matten 2003 ;Carpenter et al 2002 ;Cattaneo et al 2006 ;Fernandez-Cornejo and Caswell 2006 ;Wu 2006 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnology: The United States and Canada

Wozniak¹,

McHughen²

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Buy / Rent full text

Assessing the risk of the evolution of resistance to pesticides using spatially complex simulation models.

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Roguing with Replacement in Perennial Crops: Conditions for Successful Disease Management

Models of Diabrotica Populations: Demography, Population Genetics, Geographic Spread, and Management

Resistencia de insectos a cultivos transgénicos con propiedades insecticidas. Teoría, estado del arte y desafíos para la República Argentina

Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnology: The United States and Canada

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About