Assessing the impact of image manipulation on users' perceptions of deception

Conotter, Valentina; Dang-Nguyen, Duc-Tien; Boato, Giulia; Menéndez, María; Larson, Martha

doi:10.1117/12.2039418

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We suspected that participant link clicking on pet profiles and sociability scores may be negatively impacted if photos appeared digitally altered. Past research shows that image manipulations involving splicing where photo elements differ from the original content can elicit feelings of deception by viewers in a context-dependent manner [ 32 ]; while image modifications for humans were considered generally acceptable for the purpose of photography, photo alterations for advertisements and journalism increased the perceived deception of viewers [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of artificial photo backgrounds of shelter dogs on pet profile clicking and the perception of sociability

Andrukonis

Protopopova

2021

PLoS ONE

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With the increasing prevalence of technology, the internet is often the first step for potential pet owners searching for an adoptable dog. However, best practices for the online portrayal of shelter and foster dogs remain unclear. Different online photo backgrounds appearing on adoption websites for shelter dogs may impact adoption speed by influencing viewer interest. Online clicking behaviour on pet profiles and human-directed sociability, broadly defined, has been previously linked to increased adoption likelihood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between photo backgrounds of shelter dogs and online clicking as well as perceived human-directed sociability. In a virtual experiment, 680 participants were asked to rank the sociability and friendliness of four different adoptable dogs on a scale from 0–10. The photo background of each dog was digitally altered and randomly assigned to four experimental background conditions: 1) outdoor, 2) home indoor, 3) in-kennel, and 4) plain coloured. As a proxy for adoption interest, a link to the dog’s adoption profile was presented on each slide and the clicking behaviour of participants on this link was recorded. Mixed logistic regression and Poisson models revealed that background did not affect participants’ link-clicking behaviour (chisq = 3.55, df = 3, p = .314) nor perceptions of sociability (statistic = 6.19, df = 3, p = .103). Across all backgrounds, only 4.74% of presented slides culminated in participant link-clicking. Sociability scores also did not predict link clicking. Assessment of participant-related factors and dog ID revealed that link-clicking and sociability scores of photographs were influenced by differences between dogs themselves and unaffected by participants’ awareness of study hypotheses. We conclude that artificial background types did not affect participant responses. The results demonstrate the importance of empirical data in making marketing decisions in animal shelters. Understanding which aspects of online marketing materials impact viewer interest will provide guidance for both animal shelter personnel and foster families to improve the speed of adoption of the animals in their care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of artificial photo backgrounds of shelter dogs on pet profile clicking and the perception of sociability

Andrukonis

Protopopova

2021

PLoS ONE

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“…It was hypothesized that participant link clicking on pet profiles and sociability scores may be negatively impacted if photos appeared digitally altered. Past research shows that image manipulations involving splicing where photo elements differ from the original content can elicit feelings of deception by viewers in a context-dependent manner [23]; while image modifications for humans were considered generally acceptable for the purpose of photography, photo alterations for advertisements and journalism increased the perceived deception of viewers [23].…”

Section: Awareness Of Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of artificial photo backgrounds of shelter dogs on pet profile clicking and the perception of sociability

Andrukonis

Protopopova

2021

Preprint

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With the increasing prevalence of technology, the internet is often the first step for potential pet owners searching for an adoptable dog. However, best practices for the online portrayal of shelter and foster dogs remain unclear. Different online photo backgrounds appearing on adoption websites for shelter dogs may impact adoption speed by influencing viewer interest. Online clicking behaviour on pet profiles and human-directed sociability, broadly defined, has been previously linked to increased adoption likelihood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between photo backgrounds of shelter dogs and online clicking as well as perceived human-directed sociability. In a virtual experiment, 680 participants were asked to rank the sociability and friendliness of four different adoptable dogs on a scale from 0-10. The photo background of each dog was digitally altered and randomly assigned to four experimental background conditions: 1) outdoor, 2) home indoor, 3) in-kennel indoor, and 4) plain coloured. As a proxy for adoption interest, a link to the dog's adoption profile was presented on each slide and the clicking behaviour of participants on this link was recorded. Mixed logistic regression and poisson models revealed that background did not affect participants' link-clicking behaviour ( chisq = 3.55, df = 3, p = .314 ) nor perceptions of sociability ( statistic = 6.19, df = 3, p = .103 ). Across all backgrounds, only 4.74% of presented slides culminated in participant link-clicking. Sociability scores also did not predict link clicking. Assessment of participant-related factors and dog ID revealed that link-clicking and sociability scores of photographs were influenced by differences between dogs themselves and unaffected by participants' awareness of study hypotheses. We conclude that artificial background types did not affect participant responses. The results demonstrate the importance of empirical data in making marketing decisions in animal shelters. Understanding which aspects of online marketing materials impact viewer interest will provide guidance for both animal shelter personnel and foster families to improve speed of adoption of the animals in their care.

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“…These two probabilities are assigned a weight ( 1 and 2 , respectively). The linear combination in (7) represents the probability of an image to be fake: ( ). If this probability is higher than 50%, then the image is classified as fake, otherwise as real, as can be seen in Figure 6.…”

Section: Image Forensics and Textual Analysis Approaches Combinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a serious threat, as it has been proven that visual content can affect public opinion and sentiments [2,7,8], leading to severe consequences. For example, two spectators of the Boston Marathon were falsely portrayed as suspects of the bombings, and their picture even hit the headlines (see Figure 1(a)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual and Textual Analysis for Image Trustworthiness Assessment within Online News

Lago

Phan

Boato

2019

Security and Communication Networks

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The majority of news published online presents one or more images or videos, which make the news more easily consumed and therefore more attractive to huge audiences. As a consequence, news with catchy multimedia content can be spread and get viral extremely quickly. Unfortunately, the availability and sophistication of photo editing software are erasing the line between pristine and manipulated content. Given that images have the power of bias and influence the opinion and behavior of readers, the need of automatic techniques to assess the authenticity of images is straightforward. This paper aims at detecting images published within online news that have either been maliciously modified or that do not represent accurately the event the news is mentioning. The proposed approach composes image forensic algorithms for detecting image tampering, and textual analysis as a verifier of images that are misaligned to textual content. Furthermore, textual analysis can be considered as a complementary source of information supporting image forensics techniques when they falsely detect or falsely ignore image tampering due to heavy image postprocessing. The devised method is tested on three datasets. The performance on the first two shows interesting results, with F1-score generally higher than 75%. The third dataset has an exploratory intent; in fact, although showing that the methodology is not ready for completely unsupervised scenarios, it is possible to investigate possible problems and controversial cases that might arise in real-world scenarios.

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Assessing the impact of image manipulation on users' perceptions of deception

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

The role of artificial photo backgrounds of shelter dogs on pet profile clicking and the perception of sociability

The role of artificial photo backgrounds of shelter dogs on pet profile clicking and the perception of sociability

The role of artificial photo backgrounds of shelter dogs on pet profile clicking and the perception of sociability

Visual and Textual Analysis for Image Trustworthiness Assessment within Online News

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